KEANEKARAGAMAN FUNGI MIKORIZA ARBUSKULA DI RIZOSFER BEBERAPA VARIETAS JAGUNG PADA INSEPTOL

Fikrinda Fikrinda, Syafruddin Syafruddin, Sufardi Sufardi, Rina Sriwati

Abstract


Fungi mikoriza arbuskula (FMA) membentuk simbiosis mutualisme dengan banyak tanaman. Fungi ini berperan penting dalam ekosistem melalui kemampuannya meningkatkan keanekaragaman tanaman dan kualitas tanah. Survey dilakukan untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman FMA pada rizosfer beberapa varietas jagung dan kolonisasinya pada akar tanaman. Metode yang digunakan adalah isolasi langsung dan kultur trapping dengan sorgum sebagai tanaman inang. Hasil isolasi menunjukkan jumlah dan jenis spora FMA hasil kultur trapping lebih banyak daripada isolasi langsung. Jenis spora FMA yang dijumpai pada isolasi langsung adalah Glomus, Acaulospora dan Gigaspora sedangkan pada kutur trapping adalah Glomus, Acaulospora, Gigaspora, dan Scutellospora. Glomus merupakan spora FMA terbanyak yang dijumpai pada rizosfer jagung pada Inseptisol. Persentase kolonisasi akar tertinggi dijumpai pada akar jagung hibrida Bisi 2 yaitu 74,67%.

Full Text:

PDF

References


Abo-Elyousr, K. A.M., M.E.A. Seleim, K.M.H. Abd-El-Moneem, dan F. A. Saead. 2014. Integrated effect of Glomus mosseae and selected plant oils on the control of bacterial wilt disease of tomato. Crop Protection 66: 67-71

Alguacil, M. d. M., Z. Lozano, M. J. Campoy, dan A. Roldán. 2010. Phosphorus fertilisation management modifies the biodiversity of AM fungi in a tropical savanna forage system Soil Biology & Biochemistry 42 : 1114-1122

Aquino, S. d. S., M. H. Scabora, J. A. d. C. Andrade, S. M. G. da Costa, K. L. Maltoni, A. M. R. Cassiolato. 2015. Mycorrhizal colonization and diversity and corn genotype yield in soils of the Cerrado region, Brazil. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, Londrina, v. 36, n. 6, suplemento 2, p. 4107-4118

Brundrett, M., N. Bougher, B. Dell, T. Grave and N. Malajezuk. 1996. Working with mycorrhiza in forestry and agriculture. Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR), Canberra.

De Beenhouwer, M. , M. V. Geel, T. Ceulemans, D. Muleta, B. Lievens, dan O. Honnay. 2015. Changing soil characteristics alter the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi communities of Arabica coffee (Coffea arabica) in Ethiopia across a Q5 management intensity gradient. Soil Biology & Biochemistry xxx :1-7

de Novais, C. B., W. L. Borges, E. da Conceic¸ ão Jesus, O. J. Saggin Júnior, J. O. Siqueira. 2014. Inter- and intraspecific functional variability of tropical arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi isolates colonizing corn plants. Applied Soil Ecology 76:78– 86

Ferreira, P, A. A., C. A. Ceretta, H. H. Soriani, T. L. Tiecher, C. R. F. S. Soares, L. V. Rossato, F. T. Nicoloso, G. Brunetto, J. T. Paranhos, dan P. Cornejo. 2015 Rhizophagus clarus and phosphate alter the physiological responses of Crotalaria juncea cultivated in soil with a high Cu level. Applied Soil Ecology 91: 37–47

Gafur, S. 2014. Contribution of Dynamics of Root Colonisation by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Communities to Ecosystem Function. P. 32-43. Dalam. Z. M. Solaiman, L.K. Abbott. dan A. Varma (Eds.). Mycorrhizal Fungi: Use in Sustainable agriculture and land Restoration. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

Gaidashova, S.. A. Nsabimana, D. Karamura, P. van Asten, dan S. Declerck. 2012. Mycorrhizal colonization of major banana genotypes in six East African environments. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 157: 40– 46

Habte, M. 2000. Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Nutrition. In J. A. Silva dan R. Uchida, (Eds.). Plant Nutrient Management in Hawaii’s Soils, Approaches for Tropical and Subtropical Agriculture. P. 127-131. College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa

Husband, R, E.A. Herre, and J.PWYoung.2002.Temporal variation in arbuscular mycorrhizal communities colonizing seedlings in a tropical forest. FEMS Microbial Ecol 42:131–136

Kivlin, S. N., C. V. Hawkes, dan K. K. Treseder. 2011. Global diversity and distribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 43: 2294-2303

Lenoir, I., J. Fontaine, dan A. L.-H. Sahraoui. 2016. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal responses to abiotic stresses: A review. Phytochemistry (2016), http://dx doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2016.01.002

Mao, L., Y. Liu, G. Shi, S. Jiang, G. Cheng, X. Li, L. An, dan H. Feng. 2015. Wheat cultivars form distinctive communities of root-associated arbuscular mycorrhiza in a conventional agroecosystem. Plant Soil 374:949–961

Meddich, A., F. Jaiti, W. Bourzik, A. E. Aslid, dan M. Hafidi. 2015. Use of mycorrhizal fungi as a strategy for improving the drought tolerance in date palm (Phoenix dactylifera). Scientia Horticulturae 192: 468–474

Pereira, C. M. R., D. K. A. da Silva, A. C. de Almeida Ferreira, B. T. Goto, dan L. C. Maia. 2014. Diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in Atlantic forest areasunder different land uses. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 185: 245–252

Sangabriel-Conde, w., I. E. Maldonado-Mendoza, M. E. Mancera-López, J. D. Cordero-Ramírez, D. Trejo-Aguilar, dan S. Negrete-Yankelevich. 2015. Glomeromycota associated with Mexican native maize landraces in Los Tuxtlas, Mexico Applied Soil Ecology 87 : 63–71

Schusler, A., Walker, C., 2010. The Glomeromycota. A species list with new families and new genera. Edinburgh & Kew, UK: The Royal Botanic Garden; Munich,Germany: Botanische Staatssammlung Munich; Oregon, USA: Oregon State University.

Smith, S.E. and D.J. Read. 2008. Mycorrhizal symbiosis. 3rded. Academic Press, London

Sutton, J.C., 1973. Development of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae in crop plants. Canadian Journal of Botany 51, 2487-2493




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/pbio.v4i1.2577

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


      

Prosiding Seminar Nasional Biotik
ISBN : 97-602-60401-3-8
ISSN : 2828-1675
Published By Biology Education Study Program Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training Ar-Raniry State Islamic University Banda Aceh, Indonesia.
Email : official.semnasbiotik@gmail.com

 Lisensi Creative Commons
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Biotik : is licensed under  a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License / CC BY-SA 4.0