BUTTERFLY DIVERSITY IN THE FOREST OF BUKUM VILLAGE SIBOLANGIT DISTRICT DELI SERDANG REGENCY NORTH SUMATRA

Butterflies are insects who active in the day that have an important role as pollinators in an ecosystem and bioindicators in an environment. The study was conducted to determine species diversity, species evenness


INTRODUCTION
Bukum Village Forest is located in the Sibolangit District, Deli Serdang Regency, Sumatra Utara with an area ranging from 10.01 km 2 and the coordinate location is 3 • 23' N -9 • 857' BT.Bukum Village is a village in which there are forests, plantations, settlements, rice fields and rivers [1].
Bukum Village Forest has a fairly high diversity of insect animals, namely butterflies.
Butterflies are insects of the Order Lepidoptera, which means they have scales that cover almost their entire body and give patterns and colors to the wings of butterflies [2].
Of the 17,500 species of butterflies around the world, there are around 2,000-2,500 species in Indonesia, among which arelisted in the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) [3].Butterfly has an important function in ecology as a polynator or pollinator of flowering plants that play a role in propagating plants naturally [4].The butterfly lives in a variety of habitats, including parks, forests, green open spaces, and other environments [5].Based on observations made in the Bukum Village Forest, there are several habitats that are the place of observation for the discovery of butterfly species, including: 1) rivers, 2) secondary forests, and 3) primary forests.
This study aims to determine the species diversity index, type evenness index, and relative abundance index of butterfly species in three habitats in the Bukum Village Forest.

Research Methods
The cruising method and the VES (Visual Encounter Survey) [6] method are the methods used in this study.The cruising method is a method by exploring paths that can represent the ecosystem type of butterfly species in the research area and the VES method is the taking of butterfly species based on direct encounters on the research path.

Data Collection Techniques
Data collection was carried out at

Data Analysis
From the results of identification descriptively qualitatively include morphological characteristics and quantitatively by calculating the diversity index, evenness index and relative abundance index of butterfly species [6].
Evenness Index (E), with the formula:

Butterflies do not like strong winds
because they interfere with their flying activities or when resting, but butterflies also need wind when flying and dry their wings [13].Wind speeds between 1.6-3.3m/s are categorized as shady winds [14].

CONCLUSION
The Based on the results of research on the diversity of butterflies conducted in three habitats in the Bukum Village Forest, 39 species of butterflies were obtained which include 6 families, namely Hesperiidae (3 species), Lycaenidae (3 species), Nymphalidae (27 species), Papilionidae (2 species), Pieridae (3 species), and Riodinidae (1 species).The species of butterflies found arepresented in table 1. Contains research results that have been obtained and a discussion of these results.(the subtitles could be costumized).

Evenness Index and Relative Abundance Index of Butterfly Species on Three Habitat in the Bukum Village Forest
Tabel 1. Species of Butterflies Obtained in the Bukum Village Forest

Table 2 .
Diversity Index, Evenness Index and Relative Abundace Indeks

Table 2
Butterfly Diversity in Bukum Village Forest..