ETNOPHARMACOLOGY OF SPICES AS TRADITIONAL MEDICINE IN ACEH RURAL COMMUNITIES, CENTRAL ACEH

The use of spice plants as medicine and potions cannot be separated from the culture and local wisdom adopted, so that in practice, special knowledge and skills are needed to produce drugs and potions that are believed to be able to maintain health and cure various diseases. The purpose of this study was to obtain information from the Rural Communities of Central Aceh about utilization of spices in traditional medicine. This research was conducted on the Paya Tungel Villagers, Jagong Jeget District, Central Aceh. This study used an exploratory

. survey method with purposive sampling.Data collection was carried out by semistructured interviews with predetermined correspondents, and direct observations of spice plants in the field.Based on the results of the study, there are 21 species of spices used as medicine belonging to 9 families.Spices are used for health maintenance, anti-pain, anti-inflammatory and healing of infectious diseases and other metabolic disorders.The most widely used part of the plant is the rhizome.The most processing is boiling and then consuming it by drinking.ingredients [13].

Tools and Materials
Tools and materials include: camera, voice recorder, map of research location, oven, sasag, crop scissors, cutter, spray bottle, collection bottle, plastic bag, raffia rope, masking tape, label paper, list of questions, log book, notebook , pens, pencils, markers, rulers, newsprint and 70% alcohol.

Data Collection
Data was collected by using

Data Analysis Techniques
The data obtained from the interviews were then analyzed descriptively.Data display is presented in tabular form.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Based (Table .1).
Based on Table 1, it shows that the species most widely used as medicine came from the Zingiberaceae family (9 species), which was as much as 45% of the total types of spices used (Figure 1).

Plant Parts Used
The most widely used part of the spice plant is the rhizome of the plant, followed by the leaves, flower seeds and stems.Rhizome is a modified part of the stem, grows creeping in the soil and can produce new shoots and roots.
Turmeric rhizome contains compounds that are very beneficial for the health of the body including essential oils, starch, bitter substances, resins, cellulose, several minerals and the pigment curcumin which gives turmeric its yellow-orange color [15].
The essential oil contained in turmeric is efficacious to regulate the release of stomach acid so that it is not excessive and reduces the performance of the intestines that are too heavy in the digestion of food substances.
Curcumin is one type of antioxidant and is very efficacious as a hypocholesterolemic, cholagogue, choleretic, bacteriostatic, spasmolytic, antihepatotoxic and anti-inflammatory in wound healing process [16].

Processing and Usage
The method of using traditional medicine for the inland people of

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Ethnopharmacology, spice, Central Aceh.PENDAHULUAN Spices are plants which one or all of its parts contain active substances that can be used as spices, flavor enhancers, fragrances, and food preservatives that are used on a limited basis [1].The characteristic of spice plants is that they have an aromatic characteristic that comes from their phytochemical compounds [2][3][4].In addition to being used as spices, flavor enhancers, fragrances and food preservatives, spice plants are also believed by the community to be used as medicines or ingredients in traditional medicine [5].Currently, spice plants are also used as antioxidants which are believed to be able to increase the body's immunity, namely as an immunodemulator that triggers cell proliferation [6][7].Spice plants are biological resources that have an important role in people's lives.Historically, spice plants have been an important commodity in the global economy [4][8].Until 2021 the value of international spice trade will increase 41 times, with a demand rate of 10.38% per year, this position is higher than the overall increase in food trade [9].This shows that spice commodities have an important role in the international market.Ethnopharmacology is the study of the use of plants as medicine by people in certain areas [10].The study is related to local wisdom and culture adopted by the local community [11].The use of plants as traditional Until now, it is estimated that there are 400-500 spices in the world and the center is in Southeast Asia, where there are an estimated 275 species.These important spices include cardamom, cloves, ginger, nutmeg, black pepper, cinnamon, ginger, turmeric and others [6].medicine in Indonesia has clear cultural characteristics and identity, so that people's perceptions and conceptions of the resources in their environment are also different, including the use of spice plants in traditional medicine [12].One of the areas that until now is still very firmly holding on to customs and culture is the interior of Central Aceh Regency, namely Paya Tungel Village, Jagong Jeget District.For generations, rural communities in the area have used various types of spice plants to be used as traditional medicines in curing various diseases, of course in accordance with local wisdom in the area.In this case, ethnopharmacology has an important role to study various types and ways of using plants, especially spice plants that have pharmacological effects in the treatment and maintenance of public health, especially in Paya Tungel Village, Jagong Jeget District, Central Aceh Regency.This research was conducted in July 2022 on the community in Paya Tungel Village, Jagong Jeget District, Central Aceh Regency.The method used in this research is an exploratory survey, purposive sampling [10] semi-structural interview techniques to selected informants/correspondents as well as direct observation of the types of spice plants used as medicine.The parameters of the research include the type of spice plant used, the part of the METHOD .organ used, its use, the type of disease being cured, and how to use it as an ingredient.Researchers also made direct observations of the types of spice plants used as medicine.The data from the research were then identified at the MIPA Laboratory, Serambi Mekkah University.
on the results of interviews with respondents and the results of identification at the MIPA Laboratory, Serambi Mekkah University, there are 21 species of spices from 9 families that are used as traditional medicine by the people of Paya Tungel Village, Jagong Jeget District, Central Aceh Regency.

Figure 1 .
Figure 1.Graph of the Percentage of Plant Families Used by the Community of Paya Tungel Village, Jangong Jeget District, Central Aceh Regency