CHARACTERISTICS OF TERMITES SUBFAMILY Nasutitermitinae (Isoptera , Termitidae) ON SIMEULUE ISLAND

Termites consist of many subfamilies, one of which is the Nasutitermitinae subfamily. Research on the characteristics of the termite subfamily Nasutitermitinae on Simeulue Island was carried out from July 2020 to July 2021 using termite samples collected by Syaukani and the team at the Lab. Of Zoology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Syiah Kuala University. This study aims to describe the various types of termites in the Nasutitermitinae subfamily originating from Simeulue Island by finding the characters for each type and analyzing the clusters on the characteristics of each species. The results of this study found 6 species and 19 colonies based on the morphological characters found in soldier termites. The morphological characters of the head, rostrum, and antennae as well as the size of the soldier caste are important characteristics in identification.


INTRODUCTION
Termites are social insects that belong to the Order Isoptera group

Termite genus description
The six genera obtained from the identification results were there are 17 species obtained, with the names and numbers of colonies as follows.

Termite cluster analysis
The cluster analysis that has been carried out shows several groups of termite species.Similarities in character traits between species can be seen in the following figure

Genus
Nasutitermes is generally monomorphic [12].In the soldier caste, the size and shape of the head capsule vary widely; without constriction behind the antennae, the rostrum is conical to cylindrical, the legs are short, the abdomen is elongated, and the number of antennae ranges from 11 to 14 segments (figure 3).This study found as many as 6 species of the termite genus

Genus Hospitalitermes Holmgren
This genus is one of the most frequently found genera in this study.

Genus Hirtitermes Holmgren
Genus Hirtitermes is another genus in the subfamily Nasutitermitinae.Soldier caste.The head is brownish yellow (Fig. 6), the rostrum is longer than the head, it is monomorphic, and the head does not constrict behind the antennae.

Genus Leucopitermes (Holmgren)
Leucopitermes Leucops is a termite species that belongs to the soilfeeding Nasute group or the Subulitermes-group, namely, termite species that eat soil material.These

Genus Malaysiotermes (Ahmad)
Genus Malaysiotermes is a genus belonging to the Subulitermes group, or termites that eat soil material

Subfamilies
The yield data in group 1 showed that 5 clusters were formed.
This group is the one that has the closest species similarity in each of its clusters (Figure 2).

[
10].Termites have a very abundant species diversity; as many as 2,900 species have been identified which are divided into 281 genera, 9 families, and 14 subfamilies [2][9][16].The Nasutitermitinae subfamily is the dominant subfamily in the Termitidae family, the species of which have been found and identified in as many as 80 genera and 650 species [9][13][14].Great termite diversity is found in tropical forests (10,000 individuals/m 2 ).The Sumatra Primary Forest is the habitat most inhabited by termites of the Nasutitermitinae subfamily [6][11][15].Subfamily Nasutitermitinae is one of the dominant termite families found in the Oriental Region [13].The genus in the Nasutitermitinae subfamily is included in several genera that are most debated by termite researchers in terms of taxonomy and systematics [7].Termites can be found in almost the entire tropics, one of which is on Simeulue Island.Simeulue Island is a part of Sumatra Island; currently, Simeulue Island is one of the small islands on the west side of Sumatra Island besides Nias Island, Mentawai Island, and others.One of the causes of the separation of this island from Sumatra Island is the high level of sedimentation in this area, so that it can distinguish the Sumatran subduction zone from other parts of the Sunda arc [8].The condition of the forests on Simeulue Island is similar to that of the forests in Sumatra, but Simeulue Island is unique in the variety of living things because this island was previously separated from Sumatra Island.Reports on the characteristics of termites of the Nasutitermitinae subfamily on Simeulue Island are still very limited.Therefore, this research was carried out to look at the characteristics of the termites from the Unsyiah Zoology Laboratory collection from Simeulue Island and to add new information about the termites of the Data identification and analysis were carried out at the Zoology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences (FMIPA), Syiah Kuala University.

Figure 1 .
Figure 1.Map of Sampling Locations on Simeulue Island

Figure 2 .
Figure 2. Dendogram of cluster analysis results for termite subfamily Nasutitermitinae in Simeulue Island.

Figure
Figure 3. General morphological characters of termite dorsal heads in species N. proatripenniswarrior caste (ocular zoom 10x)

Figure
Figure 4. General morphological characters of the dorsal head of termite's B. constrictiformis warrior caste (ocular magnification 10x).

Figure 5 .
Figure 5.General morphological characters of the dorsal head of termites H. hospital warrior caste (ocular magnification 10x).
termites have an important role in the decomposition of soil organic matter.The termite taxonomy of the Subulitermes group has so far been elusive and has undergone a number of revisions [4].Genus Leucopitermes in the soldier caste are generally monomorphic; the head shape is rather square; the abdomen is transparent; the pronotum is in the form of an indentation; and the antennae have 12 segments [12].The morphology of one the species has a faded brown color (Figure 7).

[ 5 ]
. This group has an important role in the decomposition of litter on the tropical forest floor.Genus Malaysiotermes in the soldier caste are generally monomorphic; the head is somewhat pear-shaped (figure 8), the abdomen is transparent, the pronotum is in the shape of an indentation, and the antennae have 12 segments [12].