Endophytic Bacteria Identification of Red Ginger (Zingiber officinale var. Rubrum) From Enggano Island
Abstract
Abstract: Endophytic bacteria are bacteria associated with the tissues of healthy plants that are beneficial. Almost every higher plant has some endophytic bacteria, one of which is Red Ginger (Zingiber officinale var. Rubrum) from Enggano Island. This research aims to obtain endophytic bacteria and to identify the Red Ginger (Zingiber officinale var. Rubrum) endophytic bacteria collected from Enggano Island. Endophyte bacteria isolation was carried out by the paste method on medium Nutrient Agar (NA) after sterilizing the surface of plant organs using alcohol and sodium hypochlorite 5,25%. A total of 24 isolates of endophytic bacteria of Red Ginger (Zingiber officinale var. Rubrum) were isolated from rhizomes (stem modification), leaf sheath, and leaf sheet. Endophytic bacteria were identified based on morphological observation, biochemical tests, and Gram-staining. As a result, the diversity of bacteria consists of 7 genera, namely the genus Bacillus, Sporosarcina, Amphibacillus, Azotobacter, Eubacterium, Pimelobacter, and Micrococcus. The genus Bacillus consists of 4 species, the genus Sporosarcina consists of 6 species, the genus Amphibacillus consists of 1 species, the genus Azotobacter consists of 2 species, the genus Eubacterium consists of 1 species, the genus Pimelobacter consists of 1 species, and the genus Micrococcus which also consists of 1 species. Bacillus is the most common type of endophytic bacteria that was found in red ginger from Enggano Island.
Abstrak: Bakteri endofit adalah bakteri yang berasosiasi dengan jaringan tanaman yang memiliki banyak manfaat, baik bagi manusia maupun tumbuhan itu sendiri. Hampir setiap tumbuhan tingkat tinggi memiliki beberapa bakteri endofit, salah satunya jahe merah (Zingiber officinale var. Rubrum) yang berasal dari Pulau Enggano. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan bakteri endofit dan mengetahui keanekaragaman bakteri endofit yang diisolasi dari jahe merah (Zingiber officinale var. Rubrum) asal Pulau Enggano. Isolasi bakteri endofit dilakukan dengan metode tempel pada media Nutrient Agar (NA) setelah dilakukan sterilisasi permukaan organ tanaman menggunakan alkohol dan natrium hipoklorit 5,25%. Sebanyak 24 isolat bakteri endofit jahe merah (Zingiber officinale var. Rubrum) diisolasi dari rimpang (modifikasi batang), pelepah daun, dan helaian daun. Bakteri endofit diidentifikasi berdasarkan pengamatan morfologi, uji biokimia, dan pewarnaan Gram. Hasilnya, keanekaragaman bakteri terdiri dari 7 genus, yaitu Bacillus, Sporosarcina, Amphibacillus, Azotobacter, Eubacterium, Pimelobacter, dan Micrococcus. Genus Bacillus terdiri dari 4 spesies, genus Sporosarcina terdiri dari 6 spesies, genus Amphibacillus terdiri dari 1 spesies, genus Azotobacter terdiri dari 2 spesies, genus Eubacterium terdiri dari 1 spesies, genus Pimelobacter terdiri dari 1 spesies, dan genus Micrococcus yang juga terdiri dari 1 spesies. Bacillus merupakan genus yang mendominasi keanekaragaman bakteri endofit yang diisolasi dari jahe merah asal Pulau Enggano.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Asghari, S., Harighi, B., Mozafari, A., Esmaeel, Q. & Ait Barka, E. (2019). Screening of Endophytic Bacteria Isolated from Domesticated and Wild Growing Grapevines as Potential Biological Control Agents Against Crown Gall Disease. BioControl. Springer Verlag, 64 (6), pp.723-735.
Aung, T., Nourmohammadi, S., Sunitha, E. & Myint, M. (2011). Isolation of Endophytic Bacteria From Green Gram and Study on Their Plant Growth Promoting Activities. International Journal of Applied Biology and Pharmaceutical Technology, 2(3), pp. 525-537.
Banik, A., Subhra, Mukhopadhaya, K., & Kanti, Dangar, T., (2016). Characterization of N 2-fixing plant growth promoting endophytic and epiphytic bacterial community of Indian cultivated and wild rice (Oryza spp.) genotypes. Planta, 243, pp. 799–812 https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.18484.35201
Barros, I., Araújo, W. & Azevedo, J. (2010). The Effect of Different Growth Regimes on The Endophytic Bacterial Communities of The Fern, Dicksonia sellowiana Hook (Dicksoniaceae). Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, 41, pp. 956-965. Microbiology, 9(1), pp. 11.
Cappuccino, J. & Sherman, N. (2005). Microbiology-A laboratory Manual. 6th Ed., India: Pearson Education, pp. 280-285.
Cappuccino, J. & Sherman, N. (2013). Manual Laboratorium Mikrobiologi. Edisi 8. Jakarta: EGC, pp. 151-195.
Chakraborty, A., Kundu, S. & Ghosh, B. (2019). Endophytism in Zingiberaceae: Elucidation of Beneficial Impact. In: S. Jha, ed., Endophytes and Secondary Metabolites, 1st ed. Switzerland: Springer, pp. 188-189.
Chi-Chu, L. (2010). Effect of Pesticides on Soil Microbial Community. Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part B Pesticides Food Contaminants and Agricultural Wastes, 45(5), pp. 348-59.
Conn, V. & Franco, C. (2004). Effect of Microbial Inoculants on The Indigenous Actinobacterial Endophyte Population in The Roots of Wheat as Determined by Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism. Applied and environmental microbiology, 70(11), pp. 6407–6413.
Coombs, J. & Franco, C. (2003). Isolation and Identification of Actinobacteria from Surface Sterilized Wheat Roots. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 69(9), pp. 5603- 5608.
Costa, L., Queiroz, M., Borges, A., Moraes, C. & Araújo, E. (2012). Isolation and Characterization of Endophytic Bacteria Isolated from The Leaves of The Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris). Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, pp. 1562-1575.
Dalal, J. & Kulkarni, N. (2013). Population Dynamics and Diversity of Endophytic Bacteria Associated with Soybean (Glycine max (L) Merril). British Microbiology Research Journal, 3(1), pp. 96-105.
De Boer, S. & Copeman, R. (1974). Endophytic Bacterial Flora in Solanum tuberosum and Its Significance in Bacterial Ring Rot Diagnosis. Canadian Journal Plant of Science, 54, pp. 115– 122.
De Melo, F., Fiore, M. & de Morales, L. (2009). Antifungal Compound Produced by The Cassava Endophyte Bacillus pumilus MAIIIM4A. Scientia Agricola, 66(5), pp. 583-692.
Detha, A., Datta, F., Beribe, E., Foeh, N. & Ndaong, N. (2019). Karakteristik Bakteri Asam Laktat yang Diisolasi dari Susu Kuda Sumba (Characteristics of Lactic Acid Bacteria from Sumba Mares Milk). Jurnal Kajian Veteriner, 7(1), pp. 85-92.
Ding, T., & Melcher, U. (2016). Influences of Plant Species, Season and Location on Leaf Endophytic Bacterial Communities of Non-Cultivated Plants. PLoS ONE, 11(3).
Fardiaz, S. (1992). Mikrobiologi Pangan I. Jakarta: PT. Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Glick, B. & Bashan, Y. (1997). Genetic Manipulation of Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria to Enhance Biocontrol of Phytopathogens. Biotechnology Advances, 15(2), pp. 353–378.
Haidar, B., Ferdous, M., Fatema, B., Ferdous, A. S., Islam, M. R., & Khan, H. (2018). Population diversity of bacterial endophytes from jute (Corchorus olitorius) and evaluation of their potential role as bioinoculants. Microbiological Research, 208, 43–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.MICRES.2018.01.008
Haque, M., Yun, H. & Cho, K. (2016). Diversity of Indigenous Endophytic Bacteria Associated with the Roots of Chinese Cabbage (Brassica campestris L.) Cultivars and Their Antagonism Towards Pathogens. Journal of Microbiology, 54(5), pp. 353–363.
Holt, J., Krieg, N., Sneath, P., Stanley, J., & Williams, S. (1994). Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology 9th Ed. USA: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins.
Irianto, K. (2006). Mikrobiologi Menguak Dunia Mikroorganisme Jilid I. Bandung: Penerbit Yrama Widya, pp. 127-128.
Jasim, B., Benny, R., Sabu, R., Mathew, J., & Radhakrishnan, E.K. (2016). Metabolite and Mechanistic Basis of Antifungal Property Exhibited by Endophytic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens BmB 1. Apply of Biochemistry and Biotechnology Journal, 179:830–845.
Kartikawati, A. & Gusmaini. (2018). Potensi Bakteri Endofit yang Diisolasi dari Tanaman Jahe Merah untuk Memacu Pertumbuhan Benih Lada. Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat, 29(1), pp. 37-46.
Lande, F., Widayat, W. & Sastyarina, Y. (2019). Isolasi Bakteri Termofilik dari Tanah Hutan Mangrove. Proceeding of Mulawarman Pharmaceuticals Conferences, pp. 156-159.
Lata Rana, K., & Nath Yadav, A. (2019). Rhizospheric microbes View project Call for Papers: Current Trends in Pharmaceutical Microbial Biotechnology for Sustainable Developments View project. Endophytic Microbiomes: Biodiversity, Ecological Significance and Biotechnological Applications Article in Research Journal of Biotechnology. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/336070474
Lay, B. (1994). Analisis Mikroba di Laboratorium. Jakarta: PT. Raja Grafindo, pp. 18, 77, 79.
Lopes, R., Cerdeira, L., Tavares, G.S., Ruiz, J.C., Blom, J., & Horacio, E.C.A. (2017a). Genome Analysis Reveals Insights of the Endophytic Bacillus toyonensis BAC3151 as a Potentially Novel Agent for Biocontrol of Plant Pathogens. World of Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 33:185
Lopes, R., Tsui, S., Gonçalves, P. J. R. O., & de Queiroz, M. V. (2018). A look into a multifunctional toolbox: endophytic Bacillus species provide broad and underexploited benefits for plants. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 34(7). https://doi.org/10.1007/S11274-018-2479-7
Ma, Y., Rajkumar, M., Zhang, C. & Freitas, H. (2016). Beneficial Role of Bacterial Endophytes in Heavy Metal Phytoremediation. Journal of Environmental Management, 174, pp 14-25.
Maryanto, I., Hamidy, Keim, A., Sihotang, V., Lupiyaningdyah, P., Irham, M. & Ardiyani, M. (2017). Ekspedisi Pulau Enggano. Jakarta: LIPI Press, pp. 4.
Phetcharat, P. & Duangpaeng, A. (2012). Screening of Endophytic Bacteria from Organic Rice Tissue for Indole Acetic Acid Production. Procedia Engineering, 32, pp. 177 – 183.
Prakash Verma, J., Aasfar aaasfar, A., Issam Meftah Kadmiri, mascirma, Aasfar, A., Bargaz, A., Yaakoubi, K., Hilali, A., Bennis, I., Zeroual, Y., & Meftah Kadmiri, I. (2021). Nitrogen Fixing Azotobacter Species as Potential Soil. Biological Enhancers for Crop Nutrition and Yield Stability. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.628379
Prakash, O., Nimonkar, Y., Munot, H., Sharma, A., Vemuluri, V., Chavadar, M. & Shouche, Y. (2014). Description of Micrococcus aloe vera sp. nov., an Endophytic Actinobacterium Isolated from Aloe vera. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 64, pp. 3427–3433.
Putri, M., Sukini. & Yodong. (2017). Bahan Ajar Keperawatan Gigi: Mikrobiologi. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, pp. 268.
Rath, M., Mitchell, T.R., & Gold, S.E. (2018). Volatiles Produced by Bacillus mojavensis RRC101 Act as Plant Growth Modulators and are Strongly Culture-Dependent. Microbial Research, 208:76–84.
Reformanda, S., Sipriyadi, Darwis, W., Wibowo, R., Supriati, R. & Siboro, R. (2021). Isolation and Identification of Cellulase-Producing Encophytic Bacteria From Yellow Root Plants (Arvangelisia flava (L.) Merr) From Enggano Island. Advances in Biological Sciences Research, 14, pp. 523-528.
Renshaw, J., Robson, G. & Trinci, A. (2002). Fungal Siderophores: Structures, Functions and Applications. Mycological Research, 106(10), pp. 1123–1142.
Rohini, S., Aswani, R., Kannan, M., Sylas, V. P., & Radhakrishnan, E. K. (2018). Culturable Endophytic Bacteria of Ginger Rhizome and their Remarkable Multi-trait Plant Growth-Promoting Features. Current Microbiology, 75(4), 505–511. https://doi.org/10.1007/S00284-017-1410-Z
Rosenblueth, M. & Martı´nez-Romero, E. (2006). Bacterial Endophytes and Their Interactions with Hosts. Molecular Plant Microbe Interactions, 19(8), pp. 827–837.
Sajarkani, M. & Nasoetion, A. (1989). Perancangan dan Analisis Percobaan Ilmiah. Bogor: UPT Produksi Media Informasi IPB.
Santoyo, G., Moreno-Hagelsieb, G., del Carmen Orozco-Mosqueda, M. & Glick, B. (2016). Plant Growth-Promoting Bacterial Endophytes. Microbial Research, 183, pp 92-99.
Singh, M., Kumar, A., Singh, R. & Pandey, K. (2017). Endophytic Bacteria: a New Source of Bioactive Compounds. 3 Biotechn, 7(5): 315.
Strobel, G. (2003). Endophytes as Sources of Bioactive Products. Microbes and Infection, 5(6), pp. 535–544.
Suliasih & Rahmat. (2007). Aktivitas Fosfatase dan Pelarutan Kalsium Fosfat oleh Beberapa Bakteri Pelarut Fosfat. Biodiversitas, 8(1), pp. 23- 26.
Xia, Y., Greissworth, E., Mucci, C., Williams, M.A. & Debolt, S. (2013). Characterization of Culturable Bacterial Endophytes of Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) and Their Capacity to Influence Plant Growth. Global Change Biology Bioenergy, 5, pp. 674–682.
Yaish, M.W. (2017). Draft Genome Sequence of The Endophytic Bacillus aryabhattai strain SQU-R12, Identified from Phoenix dactylifera L. Roots. Genome Announc, 5:e00718-17.
Yu, Z., Kang, X., Hanjun, L., & Li, Y. (2018). Endophytes isolated from ginger rhizome exhibit growth promoting potential for Zea mays Sichuan Province Department of Science and Technology View project Application of beneficial endophytes View project. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 0. https://doi.org/10.1080/03650340.2018.1430892
Zhai, Y., Wang, W., Tan, H. & Cao, L. (2016). A New Approach to Analyzing Endophytic Actinobacterial Population in the Roots of Banana Plants (Musa sp., AAA). Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research, 2(3), pp. 180-184
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/ekw.v8i1.11498
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2022 Welly Darwis, Annisa Prastika Supriyanto, Risky Hadi Wibowo, Sipriyadi, Rochmah Supriati
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
P-ISSN : 2460-8912
E-ISSN : 2460-8920
ELKAWNIE
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Elkawnie: Journal of Islamic Science and Technology in 2022. Published by Faculty of Science and Technology in cooperation with Center for Research and Community Service (LP2M), UIN Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia.
View full page view stats report click here