Demokratisasi Konvensi HAM Relasi Islam dan Negara: Kondisi Indonesia

Abdul Jalil Salam

Abstract


This study aims to look at the Indonesian government’s strategy in improving the process of Human rights democratization. Democracy and human rights are two things that can not be separated. However this study has found that besides providing legal penalties to the perpetrators, Indonesian government should also pay attention to the development of social dynamics and the tendency of other countries to understand human rights issues. In this study the author recommend that holistic paradigm is a suitable paradigm offered in human rights issues to be developed in Indonesia.

Keywords


Democratisation, Human Right

Full Text:

PDF

References


Abdillah, Masykuri. 2001. “Islam dan Universalisme HAMâ€, Makalah disampaikan dalam Diskusi

Panel Islam dan Universalisme HAM, Puskum HAM IAIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, tanggal 12 April 2001.

Abdullah, Rozali. 2002. Perkembangan HAM dan Keberadaan Peradilan di Indonesia. Jakarta: Ghalia Indonesia.

Abootalebi, Ali Reza. 2000. Islam and Democracy: State Society Relation in Developing Countries, 1980-1994. Routledge: Routledge University Press.

Afif, Hasbullah M.. 2005. Politik Hukum Ratifikasi Konvensi HAM di Indonesia: Upaya Mewujudkan

Masyarakat yang Demokratis. Lamongan: Unisda Lamongan dan Pustaka Pelajar.

Afshaf, Saleh & Antoni, Raja Juli. 2002. Living Together in Plural Societies: Pengalaman Indonesia- Inggris. Yogyakarta: Penerbit Pemuda Muhammadiah.

al-Maududi, Abul A’la. 1998. Hak-hak Asasi Manusia dalam Islam. Jakarta: YAPI. Anderson, Lisa. 1999. Transitions to Democracy. Columbia: Columbia University Press.

Arinanto, Satya. 2003. Hak Asasi Manusia dalam Transisi Politik di Indonesia. Jakarta: Pusat Studi

Hukum Tata Negara, Fakultas Hukum Press.

Baehr, Peter. 2001. Instrumen Internasional Pokok Hak-hak Asasi Manusia. Jakarta: Yayasan Obor Indonesia.

Bakar, Safroeddin. 2002. Konteks Kenegaraan HAM. Jakarta: Pustaka Sinar Harapan. Barendt, E.M. 2005. Freedom of Speech, 2nd Edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Boase, Roger. 2005. Islam and Global Dialogue: Religious Pluralism and the Pursuit of Peace. Ashgate: Ashgate Publishing Ltd.

Bourchier, David & Hadiz, Vedi R.. 2003. Indonesian Politics and Society. Routledge: Routledge University Press.

Bunte, Marco & Ufen, Andreas. 2008. Democratization in Post-Suharto Indonesia. French: Tailor Publisher.

Call, Annie Payson. 2004. The Freedom of Life. Kessinger: Kessinger Publisher. Catt, Helena. 1999. Democracy in Practice. Routledge: Routledge University Press.

Chomsky, Noam. 2007. Failed State: The Abuse of Power and the Assault on Democracy. ttp. Hendry Holt and Cooperation.

Clements, Luke & Read, Janet. 2008. Disabled People and the Right to Life: The Protection and Violation of Disabled People’s Most Basic Human Rights. Routledge: Routledge University Press.

Commons, Jhon Rogers. 2006. Legal Foundations of Capitalism. Europe: The Lawbook Exchange Publisher.

Crouch, Colin & Streeck, Wolfgang. 2006. The Diversity of Democracy: Corporatism, Social Order, and Political Conflict. ttp. Edward Elgar Publishing.

Dahl, Robert Alan. 1991. Democracy and Its Critics. Yale: Yale University Press.

Dalacoura, Katerina. 2007. Islam, Liberalism and Human Rights: Implication for International Relations. ttp. I.B. Touris Publisher.

Diamond, Larry Jay. 2008. The Spirit of Democracy: The Struggle to Build Free Societies Throughout the World. US: Times Book Company.

Diamond, Larry Jay., Plattner, Marc F. & Brumberg, Daniel. 2003. Islam and Democracy in Middle East. Johns Hopkins: Johns Hopkins University Press.

Dirjen Perlindungan HAM. 2004. Keputusan Presiden RI Nomor 40 Tahun 2004 tentang Rencana Aksi Nasional Hak Asasi Manusia Indonesia Tahun 2004-2009

Dirjen Perlindungan HAM. 2004. “Salinan Keputusan Presiden RI Nomor 40 Tahun 2004 tentang Rencana Aksi Nasional Hak Asasi Manusia Indonesia Tahun 2004-2009â€, Jakarta: Dirjen Perlindungan HAM.

Donnelly, Jack. 2003. Universal Human Rights in Theory and Practice. Cornell: Cornell University Press.

Enayat, Hamid. 2005. Modern Islamic Political Thought: The Response of the Syi’i and Sunni Muslims to Twentieth Century. ttp. I. B. Tauris Publisher

Engineer, Asgharali. 2005. On Developing Theology of Peace in Islam. Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd. Ernest Johnson, F. 2007. Religion and World Order – A Series of Addresses and Discussions, ttp. Read Book Publisher.

Esposito, John L. & Voll, John Obert. 1996. Islam and Democracy. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Fakih, Mansour., dkk. 2003. Menegakkan Keadilan dan Kemanusiaan: Pegangan untuk Membangun Gerakan HAM. Yogyakarta: Issist Press.

Fattah, Moataz A.. 2006. Democratic Values in the Muslim World. ttp. Lynne Rienner Publisher. Gearon, Liam. 2002. Human Rights and Religion. Sussex Academic Press.

Ghanea, Nazila., Stephens, Alan & Walden, Raphael. 2006. Does God Believe in Human Rights: Essays on Religion and Human Rights. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers.

Goldhammer, Arthur. 2004. Democracy in America. US: Library of America Publishing.

Haynes, Jeffrey. 2001. Democracy and Political Change in Third World. Routledge: Routledge University Press.

Hefner, Robert W & Horvatih, Patricia. 1997. Islam in an Era of Nation-States: Politics and Religious Renewal in Muslim Southeast Asia. Hawaii: University of Hawaii Press.

Hefner, Robert W.. 2004. Remaking Muslim Politics: Pluralism, Contestation, Democratization. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Held, David. 2006. Models of Democracy. 3rd Edition, Stanford: Stanford University Press. Herman, Eva. 2005. Human Rights and Democracy. Ashgate: Ashgate University Press.

Hidayat, Qomaruddin. 1994. “Tiga Model Hubungan Agama dan Demokrasi†dalam Elza Peldi

Taher (ed.). Demokratisasi, Politik, Budaya dan Ekonomi. Jakarta: Paramadina.

Hunter, Shireen & Malik, Huma. 2005. Islam and Human Rights: Advancing a U.S.-Muslim Dialogue. Center for Strategic and International Studies CSIS.

Hunter, Shireen & Malik, Huma. 2005. Modernization, Democracy and Islam. Washington D.C.: Greenwood Publishing Group.

Hussain, Syaukat. 1996. Hak Asasi Manusia dalam Islam (Terj.). Cet. Ke-1, Jakarta: Gema Insani Press.

Jefferess, David. 2008. Post-Colonial Resistance: Culture, Liberation, and Transformation. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.

Juraidi, A. 1988. Metode al-Quran dalam Membebaskan Perbudakan, Jakarta: Kalam Mulia.

Khan, M. Muqtedar. 2006. Islamic Democratic Discourse: Theory, Debates, and Philosophical Perspective.

Lexington: Lexington Book Press.

Khare, Ravindra S.. 1999. Perspective on Islamic Law, Justice, and Society. Rowman: Rowman and Littlefield Publishing.

Komnas HAM. t.t. Pernyataan Umum Tentang Hak-hak Asasi Manusia. Jakarta: UNIC. London, Jack. 2008. Revolution and Other Essays. ttp. NuVission Publication LLC.

Lubis, Todung Mulya. 2005. Jalan Panjang Hak Asasi Manusia: Catatan Todung Mulya Lubis. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama.

M. Bucar, Elizabeth & Barnett, Barbara. 2005. Does Human Rights Need God?. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing.

Macchiavelli, Niccolo & Nevile, Henry. 2006. The Art of War. Dover: Dover Publications.

Mahoney, Jack & Mahoney, Jhon. 2007. The Challenge of Human Rights: The Origins, Development, and Significance. Wiley: Wiley Blackwell.

Marshall, Paul A. 2007. Religious Freedom in the World. Rowman and Littlefield Publisher.

Masdar, Umaruddin. dkk. 1999. Mengasah Naluri Publik, Memahami Nalar Politik. Yogyakarta: LKIS. Mayer, Ann Elizabeth. 2006. Islam and Human Rights: Tradition and Politics. 4th revision Westview Press.

Mertus, Julie & Helsing, Jeffrey W. 2006. Human Right and Conflict: Exploring the Links between Rights, Law, and Peace Building. US: Institute of Peace Press.

Morris, Christopher W. 1999. The Social Contract Theories: Critical Essays on Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau. Rowman: Rowman and Littlefield.

Muladi. 2002. Demokratisasi, Hak Asasi Manusia, dan Reformasi Hukum di Indonesia. Jakarta: The Habibie Center.

Nakamura, Mitsuo., Siddique, Sharon & Bajunid, Omar Farouk. 2001. Islam and Civil Society in Southeast Asia. Institute of Southeast Asia study Press.

Nasr, Seyyed Hossein. 2004. The Heart of Islam: Enduring Values for Humanity. Collins: Harper Collins Press

Nasution, Harun dan Effendi, Bakhtiar. 1987. Hak-hak Asasi Manusia dalam Islam, Jakarta: Pustaka Firdaus.

Niazi, Liaquat Ali Khan. 2001. Islamic Way of life: In the Light of Shirah. Sang-e-Meel Publications.

Peters, Rudolph. 2005. Crime and Punishment in Islamic Law: Theory and Practice from the Sixtieth to the Twenty-First Century. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Prasetyo, Dossy Iskandar. dan Bernard L. Tanya. 2005. Ilmu Negara: Beberapa Isu Utama, Cet. Ke -1. Surabaya: Srikandi.

Prayitno, Arohman dan Mintargo, Bambang Seodoro. 2003. Pendidikan Kebangsaan, Demokrasi dan

Hak Asasi Manusia (KADEHAM). Jakarta: Penerbit Universitas Trisakti.

Price, Daniel E. 1999. Islamic Political Culture, Democracy, and Human Rights: A Comparative Study. ttp.: Greenwood Publishing Group.

Qosmi, A.H. 2006. International Encyclopedia of Islam. ttp. Gyan Publishing House. Rahim, Abdur. 1958. Principles of Mohammedan Jurisprudence. Lahore: t.p.

Rajab, Suryadi A. & Hasani, Ismail. 2002. Indonesia, Hilangnya Rasa Aman: Hak Asasi Manusia dan Transisi Politik Indonesia. Jakarta: Penerbitan PBHI dan the Asia Foundation.

Risse-Kappen, Thomas., Ropp, Steve C. & Sikkink, Kathryn. 1999. The Power of Human Rights: International Norms and Domestic Change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Ross, H. Mcleod & Andrew J. 2007. Indonesia: Democracy and the Promise of Good Governance. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.

Sabirin, Najd E. 2000. Diseminasi Hak Asasi Manusia: Perspektif dan Aksi. Jakarta: CESDA – LP3ES. Saeed, Hassan. 2004. Freedom of Religion, Apostasy and Islam. Ashgate: Ashgate Publishing Ltd. Safi, Louay. 2004. Tensions and Traditions in the Muslim World. US: University Press of America.

Saikal, Amin. 2003. Islam and the West: Conflict or Cooperation?. Palgrave: Palgrave Macmillan Publishing.

Sait, Siraj. 2006. Land, Law and Islam: Property and Human Rights in the Muslim World. ttp. Zed Books Publisher.

Schlossberger, Eugene. 2007. A Holistic Approach to Rights: Affirmative Action, Reproductive Rights, Censorship, and Future Generations. US: University Press of America.

Shujaat, Mohammad. 2004. Social Justice in Islam. Anmol Publications Pvt. Ltd.

Sorensen, George. 1998. Democracy and Democratization: Processes and Prospect in a Changing a World. 2nd edition, ttp. Westview Press. 2nd edition

Spencer, Robert. 2005. The Myth of Islamic Tolerance: How Islamic law Treats Non-Muslims. Ttp. Prometheus Books Publishing.

Steiner, Henry J.. 2003. International Human Rights in Context: Law, Politic, Moral: Text and Material. 3rd revision. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Steve Yui-Sang Tsang. 2007. Intelligence and Human Rights in the Era of Global Terrorism. Greenwood Publishing Group.

Sudjana. Eggi. 1998. HAM, Demokrasi dan Lingkungan Hidup dalam Perspektif Islam. Jakarta: Yayasan Al-Syahidah.

Sunstein. Cass R. 2003. The Declaration of Independence and The Constitution of the United States of America. Georgetown: Georgetown University Press.

Tibi, Bassam. 1996. “Syari’ah, HAM dan Hukum Internasionalâ€, dalam Tore Lindholm dan Kari Vogt (Ed.), Dekonstruksi Syariah (II); Kritik Konsep, Penjelajahan Lain (Terj.), Yogyakarta: LkiS.

Tibi, Bassam. 2009. Islam’s Predicament with Modernity: Politics, Religious Reform and Cultural Change. Francis: Tailor Publisher.

Tierniey, Brian. 2001. The Idea of Natural Rights: Studies on Natural Rights, Natural law, and Church Law 1150-1625. Wm.B. Eerdmans Publishing.

Tim Lapera. 2000. Otonomi Versi Negara: Demokrasi di bawah Bayang-Bayang Otoriterisme. Lapera Pustaka Utama Press.

Tohir, Toto & Abdurrahman, H. M.. 1999. Negara, Demokrasi, dan Hak Asasi Manusia dalam Tataran Islam dan Hukum Positif. Bandung: Pusat Penerbitan Universitas.

Turner, Frank Miller (ed.). Reflection on the Revolution in France. Yale: Yale University Press.

United Nation. 2007. Good Governance Practices for The Protection of Human Rights, US: United Nation Publications.

Universitas Islam Indonesia. 2007. Mengurai Kompleksitas Hak Asasi Manusia: Kajian Multi Tafsir, Yoqyakarta: Penerbit Pusat Studi Hak Asasi Manusia.

Urbaningrum, Anas. 2004. Islamo-Demokrasi: Pemikiran Nurcholish Majid. Jakarta: Penerbit Republika.

Van Boven, Th. C, Fons Coomans. 2000. Human Rights from Exclusion to Inclusion; Principles and

Practice: An Anthology from the Work of Theo Van Boven. Europe: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. Waldron, Jeremy. 1984. Theories of Rights. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Watik Pratiknya, A, dkk. 2000. Pandangan dan Langkah Reformasi B.J. Habibie. Jakarta: Rajawali Press.

Wetenschappelijke Raad voor het Regeringsbeleid. 2006. Dynamism in Islamic Activism: Reference

Points for Democratization and Human Rights. Netherlands. Amsterdam University Press. Whitehead, Laurence. 2002. Democratization: Theory and Experience. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Wilkes, Aaron, M.W. William. 2004. Renaissance, Revolution and Reformation: Renaissance, Revolution and Reformation Britain 1485-1750. ttp. Folens Limited Publisher.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/jms.v14i2.1878

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2017 Media Syari'ah



Media Syari'ah : Wahana Kajian Hukum Islam dan Pranata Sosial has been indexed by:

 

All papers published in Media Syari'ah : Wahana Kajian Hukum Islam dan Pranata Sosial are licensed under a  Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.