Publikasi Pelaku Jarimah dan Tindak Pidana Pers dalam Islam
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22373/jms.v22i1.6894Keywords:
Publikasi Pelaku Jarimah, Tindak Pidana PersAbstract
Abstrak: Publikasi media dengan cepat terhadap seseorang yang masih belum terbukti bersalah, dianggap merugikan orang lain. Di mana anak dan keluarga yang diberitakan tersebut sudah terlebih dahulu mendapatkan hukuman sosial, sehingga sudah tidak berani untuk berinteraksi dengan masyarakat. Dengan semangat kebebasan berpendapat dan menyampaikan fikiran serta kebebasan pers maka pemerintah Indonesia menerbitkan Undang-Undang No. 40 Tahun 1999 tentang Pers. Pers sebagai lembaga sosial masyarakat yang berfungsi sebagai kontrol sosial di masyarakat. Penelitian ini berbentuk library research, yaitu yang berpijak pada sumber data kepustakaan, baik primer maupun sekunder. Sehingga menghasilkan kesimpulan yang komprehensif sesuai dengan kebutuhan manusia kekinian. Berdasarkan analisis-analisis, penelitian ini menghasilkan kesimpulan: pers diperbolehkan untuk mempublikasi pelaku kejahatan selama tidak menghakimi dan sesuai dengan proses peradilan. Bahkan wajib dipublikasi apabila kejahatan yang dilakukan berdampak bagi masyarakat, seperti korupsi. Dalam fikih jinayah tindak pidana pers termasuk dalam kategori jarimah dikenakan hukuman takzir, hal ini ditelusuri melalui nash-nash al-Qur’an dan hadis Nabi dan pendapat para ulama.
Abstract: Media publication against someone who has not been proven guilty yet is considered harmful to others. Their children and families often suffer social punishment, so they are discouraged to interact with the community. In the spirit of freedom of opinion and expression of thoughts and freedom of the press, the Indonesian government issued Act No. 40 of 1999 concerning the Press. The press as a social institution serves a role of social control in the community. This research is in the form of library research, based on both primary and secondary data sources, that is expected to deliver a comprehensive conclusion in accordance with current human needs. Based on the analysis, this research concludes that the press is allowed to publicize the perpetrators of the crime as long as they are not judgmental and is in accordance with the judicial process. In fact, the press is required to publish it if the crime committed affect the community, such as corruption. According to Jinayah jurisprudence, press crimes, which belong to jarimah category, are subject to takzir sentence. This is traced through the texts of the Qur'an, the hadith of the Prophet, and the notions of the scholars.
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