Parenting Education in Islamic Families within the Framework of Family Resilience in Aceh, Indonesia

: Parenting education plays an important role in fostering healthy family character, supporting child development, and ensuring family resilience. This research aims to apply Islamic values in parenting practices, examine the role of culture and community support, understand challenges and parenting strategies, analyze gender roles, and assess the effectiveness of parenting education programs in Aceh. The study uses qualitative methods, and analysis using parenting theory. Semi-structured interviews and literature studies were used to collect data. The analysis includes coding of qualitative data, classification, and interpretation. Ethical considerations are enforced throughout the research process, to ensure respondent consent, privacy, and confidentiality and address potential researcher bias. The results of the study concluded that parenting education requires support from Islamic values, culture, community encouragement, fair and good parenting, gender roles, and parenting education programs. Parenting education for Islamic families in Aceh based on religious values (such as monotheism and piety) and Islamic culture has been proven to create family resilience. The tsunami incident is clear evidence of the resilience of the Acehnese family based on Islamic values and religious culture. On the other hand, religious leaders and educators can encourage and enhance this parenting education model in society. The findings of this study have practical implications for developing parenting education programs and interventions that are sensitive to values and culture in promoting well-being, the Islamic family model and family resilience in Aceh, Indonesia.


Introduction
Parenting education plays a crucial role in fostering healthy family dynamics, promoting child development, and ensuring the well-being of families. 1 In Islamic families, parenting education takes on additional significance due to the unique cultural and religious values that shape their parenting practices. Islamic parenting is guided by the principles derived from the Qur'an and Hadith, emphasizing the importance of nurturing children in a Parenting Education in Islamic Families Bahrun Abubakar, et.al. DOI: 10.22373/sjhk.v7i2.17901 http://jurnal.ar-raniry.ac.id/index.php/samarah 1124 of belonging, providing emotional support, and facilitating access to community resources. 9 Furthermore, parenting education in Islamic families contributes to preserving cultural and religious values. By promoting the preservation of cultural and religious values, parenting education strengthens family resilience by fostering a shared sense of purpose and cohesion 10 and strengthening family resilience. 11 In conclusion, parenting education in Islamic families, particularly in Aceh, Indonesia, is critical in promoting family resilience.
This qualitative study analyzes how Islamic parenting education strengthens families in Aceh, Indonesia. This study examines how an Islamicbased parenting education program affects family resilience in Islamic families. 12 This goal investigates Aceh's Islamic family resiliency. This study also examines how religious and cultural norms, socioeconomic conditions, resource access, post-disaster recovery, and community support networks influence Aceh family resilience.
These research objectives aim to improve knowledge of parenting education in Islamic households and its influence on family resilience. It concentrates on Aceh, Indonesia, where Islam is profoundly ingrained. This research will help policymakers, educators, and practitioners create and implement successful parenting education programs that meet Islamic families' needs and cultural settings, particularly in Aceh. 13 A thematic analysis technique was used for the qualitative investigation. Thematic analysis was chosen as a popular technique for detecting, interpreting, and reporting patterns or themes in qualitative data. 14 It 9 Farah Ahmad, et al., "Resilience and Resources Among South Asian Immigrant Women As Survivors of Partner Violence" Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health pp. 15 (2013) This study targeted Islamic family members in Aceh, Indonesia. This study includes parents or carers of all ages, from young to old. Both men and women participated in collecting varied viewpoints on parental education and family resilience. Participants were from various socioeconomic backgrounds. 15 The study recruited Aceh Islamic family parents or key caregivers with parenting experience. Religious leaders, community members, and parenting educators participated to broaden perspectives. Data saturation determined the sample size when fresh data and topics ceased emerging. Purposive sampling was used to find and select eligible participants. Informed permission, confidentiality, and participant privacy were carefully considered throughout the research to protect participant well-being and rights. 16 The study uses qualitative methods, analysis using parenting theory. 17 Semi-structured interviews and literature studies were used to collect data. Analysis includes coding of qualitative data, classification, and interpretation. This qualitative study included semi-structured interviews. For deep insights, chosen individuals were interviewed semi-structured. Interviewees were offered open-ended questions about parental education and family resiliency. Focus groups with similar people were held. These talks allowed participants to address parental education, family resiliency, cultural norms, and community perspectives. The qualitative data analysis in this study will involve several iterative steps of thematic analysis, following the framework proposed by Braun and Clarke. 18 The analysis process includes the following key steps: Data familiarization: The audio recordings and transcriptions of interviews and focus group discussions will be reviewed to immerse the researcher in the data and thoroughly understand the content. Coding: The researcher will generate initial codes by systematically identifying the data's patterns, ideas, or themes. Categorization and theme development: The codes will be grouped into 1126 categories and potential themes. The researcher will examine the relationships between the codes, searching for commonalities, variations, and connections.
All participants will provide informed permission, assuring their voluntary involvement and comprehension of their rights. Privacy and confidentiality: Participants' privacy will be respected throughout the study. All data collected were anonymized and stored securely. Only the research team will have access to the data, and participants will be assigned pseudonyms to ensure confidentiality. Researcher biases: The researchers acknowledged their preferences and potential influence on the research process. 19

Parenting Education, Islamic Parenting and Family Resilience in Aceh a. Concepts of Parenting Education
Parenting education is a vital area of study that focuses on equipping parents with the knowledge and skills necessary to raise their children in a healthy and nurturing environment.
Numerous scholarly articles have emphasized the importance of parenting education in promoting positive child outcomes, strengthening parent-child relationships, and preventing various behavioral and developmental issues. 20 Research consistently demonstrates that well-designed parenting education programs can significantly enhance parental competence, improve parenting practices, and foster the overall well-being of parents and children. A comprehensive understanding of child development and an awareness of cultural, social, and economic factors are fundamental. Principles of empathy, respect, and non-judgmental attitudes form the foundation for creating a supportive and collaborative learning environment. 21 Various strategies are employed in parenting education to facilitate effective learning and skill development. These strategies encompass a range of educational methods, such as workshops, group discussions, role-playing, and individualized coaching. Interactive sessions allow parents to share experiences, exchange ideas, and learn from one another. 22 These strategies aim to empower 1127 parents with the necessary tools to handle challenges, enhance their parenting abilities, and create nurturing and responsive environments for their children. 23

b. Principles of Parenting Education
Effective parenting education programs are grounded in evidence-based principles that guide their design and implementation. These principles encompass various aspects of parenting, including child development, communication, discipline, and emotional well-being. Here are some fundamental principles commonly emphasized in parenting education: Parenting education programs recognize the importance of understanding child development and age-appropriate expectations. They provide parents with knowledge about their children's physical, cognitive, social, and emotional milestones, enabling them to provide appropriate support and stimulation. 24 Positive Parent-Child Relationships: Parenting education emphasizes nurturing positive and secure parent-child relationships. It highlights the importance of warmth, responsiveness, and effective communication in fostering healthy attachment bonds and promoting emotional well-being. 25 Effective Discipline: Parenting education programs address discipline strategies based on positive reinforcement, setting limits, and promoting appropriate behavior. They encourage parents to use discipline techniques that are consistent, fair, and ageappropriate, promoting self-regulation and moral development in children. 26 Parental Self-Care: Recognizing the importance of parental well-being, parenting education programs promote self-care and stress management strategies for parents. They emphasize the need for self-reflection, self-care practices, and seeking support when necessary, as these factors contribute to effective parenting and overall family well-being.

c. Strategies in Parenting Education
Parenting education programs employ various strategies and approaches to support parents in their role effectively. These strategies may include Psychoeducation: Parenting education programs provide parents with information and knowledge about child development, parenting practices, and effective communication strategies. They deliver this information through workshops, seminars, or written materials, ensuring parents can access evidence-based information. 28 Skill-Building: Parenting education programs focus on building specific skills and competencies in parents, such as effective communication, problem-solving, and positive discipline techniques. They may use role-plays, modeling, and practice sessions to help parents develop and strengthen these skills. 29 Supportive Group Settings: Many parenting education programs offer group sessions where parents can connect with and learn from other parents. These settings create a supportive and non-judgmental environment, allowing parents to share experiences, seek advice, and build social support networks. 30 Tailored Approaches: Effective parenting education programs recognize the diversity of families and tailor their approaches to meet the specific needs and cultural contexts of parents. When designing and implementing interventions, they consider cultural values, socioeconomic status, and individual circumstances. 31

d. Islamic Parenting
Islamic parenting, deeply rooted in Islamic principles, plays a significant role in shaping family dynamics and fostering family resilience in Aceh, Indonesia. Islamic parenting draws guidance from the Qur'an and Hadith, which provide a comprehensive framework for raising children

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Cultural and Religious Values: The Acehnese society is deeply rooted in Islamic culture and values. Islamic teachings, rituals, and community support systems contribute significantly to family resilience in Aceh. Community Support Networks: Aceh has a robust communal support and cooperation tradition. The concept of gotong-royong (mutual assistance) is deeply ingrained in the Acehnese culture. Social solid networks, extended family ties, and community solidarity are essential sources of support during times of crisis. These networks enhance family resilience by providing emotional, practical, and financial assistance. 43 After the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami devastated Aceh, psychological and social trauma recovery was carried out. Post-disaster recovery builds family resilience by rebuilding infrastructure, community services, and psychosocial support. Disaster management programs can help families recover, rebuild, and become more resilient. 44 Economic empowerment, education, healthcare, and social welfare help encourage families to overcome problems. Family Problem-Solving: Resilience requires family dialogue and problem-solving. Problemsolving families can overcome obstacles. 45

h. Relevance of Family Resilience in the Acehnese Context
Due to Aceh's turbulent history, family resilience is crucial. Aceh families were devastated by the 2004 tsunami, conflicts, and governmental changes. Resilience helps families recover, maintain cultural identity, and maintain social cohesiveness after traumatic catastrophes. Islamic ideals strengthen families. 46 Acehnese society's emphasis on communal solidarity and mutual help builds resilience. 47 This condition helps families recover from Study of Marriage Guidance Program in Aceh and South Sumatera," al-Ihkam: Jurnal Hukum dan Pranata Sosial 17, No. 1 (2022).  Bahrun Abubakar, et.al. DOI: 10.22373/sjhk.v7i2.17901 http://jurnal.ar-raniry.ac.id/index.php/samarah 1132 hardships. Policymakers, community leaders, and practitioners can improve family resilience in Aceh by recognizing its components. 48

Family Resilience Framework
The family resilience idea views a family as a system that ensures positive adaptation and becomes stronger after adversity. 49 Figure 1 shows the family resilience framework, identifying and explaining aspects that make families resilient. This concept lists belief systems, organizational patterns, communication, and problem-solving as family resilience factors. Belief systems are families' perspectives on adversity, optimism, and values. Religion, culture, and philosophy are examples. Strong belief systems provide families purpose and meaning, helping them overcome adversity.
Well-defined roles and responsibilities and social and financial resources help families handle stress. Rules for domestic chores, mealtimes, and bedtimes help families manage time and resources. Family resiliency requires free emotional expression and collaborative problem-solving. Communicating with families can express their needs and work together to address challenges. Problem-solving completes the family resilience framework. Families who solve difficulties and make decisions together are more resilient. To overcome hardship as a family, the family resilience framework emphasizes strong belief systems, organizational patterns, communication, and problem-solving abilities.

Expected Findings
The qualitative study explores parenting education in Islamic families within the family resilience framework in Aceh, Indonesia. The study explores integrating Islamic values, cultural and community support, parenting challenges and strategies, gender roles, and the Effectiveness of parenting education programs in promoting family resilience. By delving into these areas, the study aims to contribute to the existing literature, inform parenting education practices, and strengthen family resilience in Aceh's unique cultural and religious context.  Berlin May 2012. Bahrun Abubakar, et.al. DOI: 10.22373/sjhk.v7i2.17901 http://jurnal.ar-raniry.ac.id/index.php/samarah 1134 contribute to family well-being and resilience". 53 cultural and community resources Parenting Challenges and Strategies "Balancing cultural traditions with modern influences is a common challenge for Islamic families". 54

Parenting Education in Islamic Families
Provides insights into common parenting challenges and coping strategies "Resilient families employ effective problem-solving and stress management". 55 Informs the development of practical parenting approaches within the Acehnese context Gender Roles and Parenting Practices "Gender roles shape parenting responsibilities and expectations within Islamic families". 56 Explores the influence of gender norms on parenting dynamics and responsibilities "The roles of fathers and mothers are evolving in Islamic societies, with increased involvement of fathers". 57 Enhances understanding of the evolving roles of fathers and mothers within Islamic families Parenting Education Programs "Parenting education programs effectively enhance parenting knowledge and skills". 58 Evaluates the effectiveness and accessibility of existing programs "Culturally sensitive parenting programs have positive outcomes for minority families". 59 Guides the improvement and development of culturally appropriate Family, neighbors, and community members offer emotional support, practical help, and a sense of belonging during difficult times. Caregiving, responsibility sharing, and emotional support strengthen families.

Preservation of cultural and religious values
Aceh Islamic families maintain their culture and religion. They stress following Islamic principles and customs. Culture and religion foster identity, belonging, and continuity. These principles guide decision-making, relationships, and communal cohesiveness.

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These characteristics highlight the unique aspects of family resilience within Islamic families in Aceh, Indonesia. Faith-based coping methods, strong family bonds, and preserving cultural and religious values contribute to a family's resilience in handling adversities and preserving well-being. These characteristics provide a foundation for understanding and promoting family resilience within Aceh's specific cultural and religious context. Family resilience requires postdisaster recovery and community support. Community initiatives, rehabilitation programs, and the strength of the Acehnese people helped Acehnese families recover after the 2004 tsunami. 72 Data Source: Data processing, 2023 These factors illustrate the diverse influences on family resilience in Aceh, Indonesia. Religious and cultural norms shape families' values and practices, while socioeconomic conditions and resource access impact their well-being and adaptive capacities. Additionally, post-disaster recovery efforts and community support contribute to family resilience by providing assistance and fostering a sense of solidarity. Expert evidence reinforces the significance of these factors and their role in shaping family resilience in Aceh. Integrating religious and cultural values, socioeconomic conditions' influence and community support's impact are vital components in understanding and promoting family resilience in the Acehnese context.

Implications and Recommendations
The findings of this qualitative study on parenting education in Islamic families within the framework of family resilience in Aceh, Indonesia, have important implications for practice. These implications guide practitioners, policymakers, and educators in promoting family resilience and supporting Islamic families in Aceh. By incorporating these implications into their work, professionals can enhance interventions and programs' effectiveness and cultural appropriateness. The study emphasizes Islamic parental education programs. These programs should reflect Islamic principles and customs. They should offer advice on blending Islamic values into parenting and building family resilience.

Collaboration between religious leaders and parenting educators
Religious leaders and parenting experts can boost parenting education initiatives. Religious leaders may teach parents how to use Islamic teachings to raise strong families. Religious leaders and educators can collaborate to create Islamic parenting programs that cover spiritual and practical components. Culturally sensitive approaches to promoting family resilience Aceh's family resilience requires culturally sensitive methods. Family resilience professionals should respect Acehnese cultural values, norms, and practices. Community-created interventions and initiatives should consider local customs, traditions, and religious views. These methods help families