Punishment for Zina Muḥṣān Offenders in Aceh Qanun No. 6 of 2014 in the Perspective of Fiqh al-Siyāsah
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v6i1.13363Keywords:
Punishment, zina muḥṣān, qanun jinayah, siyāsahAbstract
This paper attempts to answer the issue of punishment for zina muḥṣān offenders in Aceh Qanun No. 6 of 2014 from the perspective of fiqh al-siyāsah and the ways the law is implemented in closed spaces such as prisons per the Governor Regulation No. 5 of the 2018. This study is a legal study with a Islamic politic approach (fiqh al-siyāsah) with a literature study data collection method. The polemic of the implementation of the Qanun Jinayah (criminal regional bylaws) in Aceh not only receives attention from outside such as human rights and non-governmental organization activists, but also from among Islamic academics or Acehnese ulemas. One of the most discussed topics is related to ‘uqūbah (punishment) for fornicators that does not distinguish between muḥṣān (married) and ghayr muḥṣān (unmarried) fornicators as is the case in classical fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence) literature. Qanun Jinayah does not at all separate between muḥṣān and ghayr muḥṣān fornicators, unlike the provisions of Islamic law which prescribe a hundred lashes for ghayr muḥṣān fornicators and stoning to death for muḥṣān fornicators. This indicates that those who commit zina in Aceh, whether married or unmarried, are punished with the same severity, which is 100 (one hundred) lashes. Further, the issue of changing the place of the flogging execution from public to prison in accordance with Aceh Governor Regulation No. 5 of 2018 concerning the implementation of the jināyah (criminal) procedural law is also worth to study from the point of view of fiqh al-siyāsah (Islamic politics) and legislation.References
A. Rahman. Penjelasan Lengkap Hukum-Hukum Allah. Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada, 2002.
Abdul Wahhab Khallaf. Politik Hukum Islam. Yogyakarta: Tiara Wacana, 1994.
Abū al-Ḥasan ‘Ali bin Sulaymān al-Mardāwī al-Ḥanbalī. ‘Alāuddin, Al-Inṣāf. Vol. 26. Dār Ihyā’ al-Turaṡ al-‘Araby, 1955.
Abu Ishaq al-Syirazi. Al-Muhażżab. Vol. 2. Dār al-Qalām, 1996.
Ahmad bin Ghaniim bin Salim al-Nafraawii al-Azhari al-Maliki. Al-Fawākih al-Diwānī ‘Ala Risalah Ibn Aby Zayd al-Qirwaani. Bayrūt: Dār al-Fikr, 1995.
Ahmad Hanafi. Asas-Asas Hukum Pidana Islam. Jakarta: Bulan Bintang, 1993.
Ahyar, Ahyar. “Aspek Hukum Pelaksanaan Qanun Jinayat di Provinsi Aceh.” Jurnal Penelitian Hukum De Jure 17, no. 2 (2017): 1313–154. https://doi.org/10.30641/dejure.2017.v17.131-154.
‘Alāuddin Abū al-Hasan ‘Ali bin Sulaīmān al-Mardāwī al-Hanbalī. Al-Inṣāf. Vol. 10. Dār Ihyā’ al-Turaṡ al-‘Araby, 1955.
Al-Ghazali. Rawḍah al-Ṭālibīn: Majmū’ah al-Quṣūr al-‘Awālī. Vol. 7. Cairo: Maktabah al-Jundī, 1964.
Al-‘Ināyah ‘Ala al-Hidāyah. Bayrūt: Dār al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyah, n.d.
al-Sarakhsi, Syams al-Din Abu Bakr Muhammad bin Abi Sahal. Al-Mabsūṭ. Vol. 10. Bayrūt: Dar al- Ma’rifah, 1989.
Din, Mohd, and Al Yasa’ Abubakar. “The Position of the Qanun Jinayat as a Forum for the Implementation of Sharia in Aceh in the Indonesian Constitution.” Samarah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Dan Hukum Islam 5, no. 2 (2021): 689–709. https://doi.org/https://jurnal.ar-raniry.ac.id/index.php/samarah/article/view/10881.
Djazuli, A. Fiqh Jinayah: Upaya Menanggulangi Kejahatan Dalam Islam. Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada, 2000.
Hudzaifah Achmad Qotadah, Adang Darmawan Achmad. “Qanun Jinayat Aceh Antara Implementasi, Isu Dan Tantangan.” Adliya: Jurnal Hukum dan Kemanusiaan 14, no. 2 (2020): 171–89.
Ibn Ḥajar Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad al-Ḥaytamī. Tuḥfah al-Muḥtāj. Bayrūt: Dār al-Fikr, 1994.
Ibn Qudamah, Abu Muhammad ‘Abdullah bin Ahmad bin Muhammad Muwaffiq al-Din al-Jama’ili al-Dimasyqi. Al-Mughnīy. Vol. 12. Riyāḍ: Dār ‘Alīm al-Kutub, 1997.
Ibnu Hajar Al-’Asqalani. Fatḥ al-Bāri. VI. Vol. I. Kairo: Dar al-Hadis, 2004.
Imam Ghazali Said. Bidayatul Mujtahid Analisa Fiqih Para Mujtahid. Jakarta: Pustaka Amani, 2007.
Imām Muslim al-Naysabūrīy. “Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim,” n.d., 1324–1324.
Kamsi. Politik Hukum dan Positivisasi Syari’at Islam di Indonesia. Yogyakarta: Suka-Press, 2012.
Marsum. Fiqh Jinayah: Hukum Pidana Islam. Yogyakarta: FH UII, 1991.
Mohammad Mahfud MD. Politik Hukum di Indonesia. Jakarta: Rajawali Press, 2012.
Muḥammad Amīn ibn ‘Umar bin ‘Ābidīn. Rad Al-Mukhtār ‘Alā al-Durr al-Mukhtār (Ḥāsyiyah Ibn ‘Ābidīn). Vol. 4. Bayrūt: Dār al-Fikr, 1992.
Muḥammad ibn ‘Alī ibn Muḥammad Al-Syawkānī. Fatḥ Al-Qadīr. Vol. 4. Bayrūt: Dār al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, 2003.
Muḥammad ibn Yūnus ibn Idrīs Al- Bahūtī. Kasysyāf al-Qinā’. Vol. 14. Bayrūt: Dār al-Fikr, 1982.
Mukhtaṣar al-Iṣāl al-Mulḥaq bi al-Muḥallā. Vol. 11, n.d.
Peter Mahmud Marzuki. Penelitian Hukum. Jakarta: Kencana, 2014.
Salim, Arskal. Challenging the Seculer State: The Islamization of Law in Modern Indonesia. Honolulu: University of Hawai, 2008.
Suma, Muhammad Amin, Ridwan Nurdin, and Irfan Khairul Umam. “The Implementation of Shari’a in Aceh: Between the Ideal and Factual Achievements.” AHKAM: Jurnal Ilmu Syariah 20, no. 1 (2020): 19–48. https://doi.org/10.15408/ajis.v20i1.14704.
Syams al-Dīn ibn Abī al-‘Abbās Aḥmad bin Syihāb al-Dīn al-Ramlī. Nihāyah Al-Muḥtāj Ilā Syarḥ al-Minhāj. Vol. 7. Bayrūt: Dār al-Kutub al-‘Arabiyah, n.d.
Yūnus al-Bahūtī Ḥanbalī. Syarḥ Muntahā Al-Irādāt. Vol. 6. Mu’ssasah al-Risālah, 2000.
Zada, Khamami. “Politik Pemberlakuan Syariat Islam di Aceh dan Kelantan (1993-2014).” AL-IHKAM: Jurnal Hukum & Pranata Sosial 10, no. 1 (2015). https://doi.org/10.19105/ihkam.v10i1.588.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish in Samarah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga dan Hukum Islam agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work. (See The Effect of Open Acces)
