The Position of Maqasid al-Shariah within Islamic Legal Sources: A Comprehensive Analysis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22373/q4byre51Keywords:
Maqasid al-Shariah, Islamic Legal Theory, Islamic Jurisprudence, Islamic Legal Sources, Contemporary Islamic LawAbstract
This study examines the position of maqasid al-shariah within the framework of Islamic legal sources. Several key issues have been identified: First, the precise position of maqasid in the hierarchy of Islamic legal sources and its role in legal derivation has not been comprehensively explained by earlier scholars. Second, questions arise whether maqasid is equivalent to primary sources like the Quran and Sunnah, or functions merely as an interpretative tool. Third, how maqasid interacts with secondary sources like qiyas, istihsan, and maslahah mursalah remains unclear. Fourth, in an increasingly complex modern world, questions emerge about how maqasid can be utilized to address contemporary issues. This study aims to examine and analyze the actual position of maqasid al-shariah within the framework of Islamic legal sources, assess how maqasid interacts with other legal sources, and investigate whether the usul al-fiqh approach remains adequate for realizing maqasid in the modern context. Using document analysis and comparative methodological approaches, this research examines primary sources including the Quran, Sunnah, and works of both classical and contemporary Islamic scholars. The findings reveal that: (1) Maqasid al-shariah functions as a fundamental framework in understanding and applying Islamic legal sources, (2) Maqasid serves as an essential interpretative tool in understanding religious texts and deriving legal rulings, (3) Maqasid forms a crucial foundation in contemporary ijtihad by allowing flexibility in legal derivation while maintaining fundamental shariah principles, (4) Maqasid plays a vital role in evaluating the appropriateness of using secondary sources such as qiyas, istihsan and maslahah mursalah in new cases, and (5) A deep understanding of maqasid enables Islamic law to remain relevant in addressing current challenges. This research contributes to Islamic legal theory by providing a systematic analysis of how maqasid al-shariah integrates with and enhances the application of Islamic legal sources in modern contexts.
References
Abu Dawud, Sulayman. Sunan Abi Dawud. Cairo: Dar al-Hadith, 1988.
Abu Yusuf, Ya'qub. Kitab Al-Kharaj. Cairo: Matba'ah al-Salafiyah, 1933.
Abu Zahrah, Muhammad. Usul al-fiqh. Cairo: Dar al-Fikr al-Arabi, 1997.
Al-Anzi, Abdullah Yusuf. Taysir Ilm Usul al-fiqh. Beirut: Muassasah al-Rayyan, 1997.
Al-Bayhaqi, Ahmad al-Khurasani Al-Sunan Al-Kubra. Edited by Muhammad Abd al-Qadir Ata. Beirut: Dar al-Kotob al-Ilmiyah, 2003.
Al-Bukhari, Muhammad Ismail. Sahih Al-Bukhari. Edited by Mustafa Dib Al-Bugha. Damascus: Dar al-Yamamah, 1993.
Al-Buti, Muhammad Said Ramadan. Dawabit Al-Maslahah Fi Al-Shariah Al-Islamiyyah. Beirut: Mu'assasah al-Risalah, 1982.
Al-Ghazali, Muhammad Muhammad. Al-Mustasfa Min Ilm Al-Usul. Beirut: Dar al-Kotob al-Ilmiyah, 1993.
al-Humayri Al-San`ani, Abd al-Razzaq Humam. Al-Musannaf. Edited by Habib al-Rahman Al-Azami. Beirut: al-Maktab al-Islami, 1982.
Al-Juwayni, Abd al-Malik Abdullah. Al-Burhan Fi Usul al-fiqh. Edited by Abd al-Adhim Mahmud Al-Dib. Qatar: Dar al-Wafa, 1997.
Al-Kasani, Abu Bakr Mas`ud. Bada'i Al-Sana'i Fi Tartib Al-Shari'i. Beirut: Dar al-Kotob al-Ilmiyyah, 1986.
Al-Kaylani, Abd al-Rahman. Qawaid Al-Maqasid Ind Al-Imam Al-Shatibi. Beirut: Dar El Fikr, 2000.
Al-Khadimi, Nur al-Din Mukhtar. Al-Ijtihad Al-Maqasidi: Hujjiyyatuh, Dawabituh, Majalatuh. Qatar: Wizarah al-Awqaf Wa al-Shu'un al-Islamiyyah, 1998.
———. Ilm Al-Maqasid Al-Shariah. al-Riyadh: Obekan Publishers & Booksellers, 2001.
Al-Maliki, Mithaq Sadiq Mahmud. "Turuq Al-Kashf an Maqasid Al-Shariah Ind Al-Buti: Dirasah Wa Al-Tatbiq." In Maqasid Al-Shari`Ah: Konsep Dan Pendekatan, edited by and and, 247--78. Kuala Lumpur: Jabatan Fiqh dan Usul Akademi Pengajian Islam Universiti Malaya, 2016.
Al-Mawardi, Ali Muhammad. Al-Hawi Al-Kabir Fi Fiqh Madhhab Al-Imām Al-Syafi`I Wa Huwa Syarh Mukhtasar Al-Muzani. Edited by Ali Muhammad Mu`awwad and Adil Ahmad Abd Al-Mawjud. Beirut: Dar al-Kotob al-Ilmiyah, 1999.
Al-Qaradawi, Yusuf. "Bayn Al-Maqasid Al-Kulliyyah Wa Al-Nusus Al-Juz'iyyah: Dirasah Fi Fiqh Maqasid Al-Shariah." In Maqasid Al-Shariah Al-Islamiyyah: Dirasat Fi Qadaya Al-Manhaj Wa Majalat Al-Tatbiq, edited by Muhammad Sulaym Al-Awwa, 37-164. London: Al-Furqan Islamic Heritage Foundation, 2006.
———. Dirasah Fi Fiqh Maqasid Al-Shariah: Bayna Al-Maqasid Al-Kuliyyah Wa Al-Nusus Al-Juz'iyyah. 3 ed. Cairo: Dar al-Shuruq, 2008.
Al-Raysuni, Ahmad. Al-Fikr Al-Maqasidi Wa Qawa`Iduh Wa Fawa'iduh. Al-Ribat: Jaridah al-Zaman, 1999.
———. Maqasid Al-Maqasid. Cairo: Dar al-Kalimah Li al-Nashr Wa al-Tawzi`, 2014.
Al-Shatibi, Ibrahim Musa. Al-Muwafaqat Fi Usul Al-Shariah. Beirut: Dar al-Kotob al-Ilmiyah, 2004.
Al-Shayban, Usamah Muhammad. "Istihmar Al-Maqasid Al-Shar`Iyyah Fi Al-Ijtihad." Majallah al-Jam`iyyah al-Fiqhiyyah al-Su`udiyyah 17 (2013): 103-72.
Al-Tahawi, Ahmad Muhammad. Sharh Ma`Ani Al-Athar. Cairo: Alam El-Kotob, 1994.
Al-Yubi, Muhammad Saad Maqasid Al-Shariah Al-Islamiyyah Wa Alaqatuha Bi Al-Adillah Al-Shar`Iyyah. Al-Riyadh: Dar al-Hijrah, 1998.
Al-Zuhayli, Muhammad Mustafa. Al-Wajiz Fi Usul al-fiqh. 2 ed. Damascus: Dār al-Khayr, 2006.
Al-Zuhayli, Wahbah. Usul al-fiqh Al-Islami. Dimashq: Dar El Fikr, 1986.
Alias, Muhammad Nazir, Muhammad Najib Abdullah, Mohd Sham Kamis, Akhmad Jazuli Afandi, and Nursyahidah Alias. "Scientific Approach as the Basis for the Formation of Maqāṣid Al-Sharī'ah Concept and Principles: A Comparative Study." Malaysian Journal of Syariah and Law (MJSL) 12, no. 2 (2024): 350-63.
Amin, Faroque. "Applicability of Islamic Methodology Concerning Novel Issues to the Organ Transplantation in Religious Scholars’ Contemporary Discourse." Religions 12 (2021): 670.
Arifin, Zarul. "Kehujahan Maqasid Al-Syari’ah Dalam Filsafat Hukum Islam." AL-‘ADALAH: Jurnal Syariah dan Hukum Islam 5, no. 2 (2020): 258-74.
Auda, Jasser. Al-Ijthad Al-Maqasidi Min Al-Tasawwur Al-Usuli Ila Al-Tanzil Al-Amali. Beirut: Arab Network for Research and Publishing, 2013.
Bin Bayyah, Abdullah. Mashahid Min Al-Maqasid. 5 ed. Dubai: Al Muwatta Center, 2018.
Hirz Allah, Abd al-Qadir. Dawabit Itibar Al-Maqasid Fi Majal Al-Ijtihad Wa Atharuha Al-Fiqhi. Al-Riyadh: Maktabah al-Rushd Nashirun, 2007.
Ibn Abdul Barr, Yusuf Abdullah. Al-Istidhkar. Edited by Salim Muhammad 'Ata and Muhammad 'Ali Mu'awwad. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-'Ilmiyyah, 2000.
Ibn Ashur, Muhammad Tahir. Maqasid Al-Shariah Al-Islamiyyah. Edited by Muhammad al-Habib Ibn al-Khujah. Qatar: Wizarah al-Awqaf Wa al-Shu'un al-Islamiyyah, 2004.
Ibn Majah, Muhammad al-Qazwini. Sunan Ibn Majah. Edited by Shuayb Al-Arna'ut, Adil Murshid, Muhammad Kamil Qurrah Balali and Abd al-Latif Hirz Allah. Beirut: Dar al-Risalah al-Alamiyyah, 2009.
Ibn Rushd al-Hafid, Muhammad Ahmad al-Qurtubi. Bidayah Al-Mujtahid Wa Nihayah Al-Muqtasid. Cairo: Dar al-Hadith, 2004.
Jughaym, Nu man. Turuq Al-Kashf an Maqasid Al-Shari. Amman: Dar al-Nafa'is, 2014.
Khallaf, Abd Al-Wahhab. Al-Siyasah Al-Shar`Iyyah. 6 ed. Beirut: Mu'assasah al-Risalah, 1997.
Muhammad Nazir, Alias, Mokhtar Ahmad Irdha, and Mohd Kashim Mohd Izhar Ariff. Maqasid Syariah Sebagai Asas Penentuan Hukum Syarak. Bangi: Penerbit UKM, 2023.
Muhammad Sabir, and Abdul Muher. "Maqasid Syariah Dan Metode Penetapan Hukum Dalam Konteks Kekinian (Memahami Korelasi Antara Keduanya)." TAHKIM 17, no. 1 (2021): 50-61.
Muslim, Ibn Hajjaj Al-Naysaburi. Sahih Muslim. Edited by Abu Qutaybah Nazar Muhammad Al-Faryabi. Riyadh: Dar Al-Tayyibah, 2006.
Published
Versions
- 2025-07-31 (2)
- 2025-07-31 (1)
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Nazir Alias, Muhammad Najib Abdullah, Mohd Farihal Osman, Nor Faizah Ismail, Mohd Sham Khamis, Kamarulzaman Mustappa
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish in Samarah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga dan Hukum Islam agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work. (See The Effect of Open Acces)
