Sexual Violence in an Islamic Higher Education Institution of Indonesian: A Maqasid Al-Shariah and Foucauldian Perspective
Abstract
Sexual violence was prevalent in many settings, including in religious educational institutions. This article analyzed cases of sexual violence at an Islamic higher education institution in West Java, Indonesia, using the maqasid al-shariah and Foucault's theory of sexuality as the theoretical frameworks. This mixed-method research used Google form's surveys, in-depth interviews, and observations as the data collection methods. The data were analyzed using a flow model, which comprised selection, display, analysis or discussion, and conclusion. This study showed that verbal and non-verbal sexual violence was rampant. It occurred between student and student, lecturer and staff, staff and staff, and lecturer and student. Four models of sexual violence were found based on the typology designed by Dzeich and Weiner, who categorized thirteen forms of sexual violence. The maqasid al-shariah analysis outlined that sexual violence was against the fundamental values and objectives of sharia and human rights. Additionally, Foucault's theory identified patriarchal and cultural hegemony aspects in sexual violence. This study's intriguing part was the findings that combined in-depth interviews, observations, and surveys, intended to understand the intensity of existing cases. On the other hand, the power of analysis was centered on normative fiqh and sociological aspects. According to the literature reviews, these two approaches had not been administered by previous researchers.
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Interviews
An interview with Dewi, Lecturer with a doctorate. West Java, November 4, 2020.
An interview with Eli, a 32-year-old female employee. West Java, October 15, 2020.
An interview with Elis, a master's degree student. West Java, October 25, 2020.
An interview with Fina, a 35-year-old employee. West Java, October 25, 2020.
An interview with Ismi, 5th-semester student, West Java, November 5, 2020.
An interview with Laila, non-permanent lecturer, a 37-year-old widow. West Java, October 14, 2020.
An interview with Mia, a 30-year-old female lecturer. West Java, November 5, 2020.
An interview with Nia, second-semester student, West Java, October 25, 2020.
An interview with Pepe, a 5th-semester student activist, West Java, November 4, 2020.
An interview with Putri, 5th-semester student, West Java, October 15, 2020.
An interview with Salih, 45 years old male lecturer. West Java, November 4, 2020.
An interview with Salihah, 5th-semester master's degree student, West Java, October 14, 2020.
An interview with Tika, 3rd-semester student, West Java, November 4, 2020.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v5i1.9144
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