Effectiveness of Kalamansi Leaves (Citrofortunella microcarpa) as a Natural Insecticide against Cockroaches (Periplaneta americana)

Authors

  • Rena Lestari 1. Department of Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Bengkulu, Bengkulu, Indonesia
  • Sutarno Department of Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Bengkulu, Bengkulu, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0937-1399
  • Annisa Puji Astuti Department of Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Bengkulu, Bengkulu, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6525-9222
  • Deni Parlindungan Department of Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Bengkulu, Bengkulu, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2914-2323
  • Dewi Handayani Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Bengkulu, Bengkulu, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1113-1543

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22373/biotik.v14i2.34881

Abstract

Synthetic insecticides used to eradicate cockroaches leads to ecosystem damage and pest resistance, so there need environmental friendly natural insecticides. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of calamansi leaf extract (Citrofortunella microcarpa) as a natural insecticide against the American cockroach (Periplaneta americana). The leaves of C. microcarpa were extracted using the maceration method with 96% ethanol. The extract was prepared in 5 (five) concentrations: 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 90%. Its effectiveness was tested using a spraying method and observed over 9 (nine) hours  on the trial. The data shows decreased in the activity of P. americana and morphological changes that ultimately led to death. Mortality data were analyzed using probit analysis to determine the LC₅₀ value. The phytochemical screening of leaf C. microcarpa extract revealed the presence of tannins, saponins, flavonoids, and alkaloids. The leaf C. microcarpa extract was effective in killing P. americana, with mortality rates of 33%, 83%, 100%, 100%, and 100% at concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 90%, respectively, and an LC₅₀ of 23.85%. Leaf C. Microcarpa extract containing tannins, saponins, flavonoids, and alkaloids. The 60% concentration demonstrated the highest effectiveness in increasing the mortality rate of P. americana.

Keyword:Citrofortunella microcarpa; Periplaneta americana; Natural Insecticide; Mortality.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Published

2026-06-30

Issue

Vol. 14 No. 2 (2026): JURNAL BIOTIK

Section

Artikel

License

Copyright (c) 2026 Rena Lestari, Sutarno, Annisa Puji Astuti, Deni Parlindungan, Dewi Handayani

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Authors who publish with BIOTIK: Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Teknologi dan Kependidikan agree to the following terms:

  1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
  2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
  3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.

How to Cite

Effectiveness of Kalamansi Leaves (Citrofortunella microcarpa) as a Natural Insecticide against Cockroaches (Periplaneta americana). (2026). BIOTIK: Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Teknologi Dan Kependidikan, 14(2). https://doi.org/10.22373/biotik.v14i2.34881