Identification of Secondary Metabolites Compounds From Nampu (Homalomena rosrata Griff.)

Fahrauk Faramayuda, Luthfi Fauziah, Ari Sri Windyaswari, Julia Ratnawati

Abstract


Abstract: Nampu (Homalomena rosrata Griff.) is traditionally used to increase sexual activity for men. However, the lack of scientific information on the phytochemical content of Nampu plants needs further research on the secondary metabolite compounds for isolation and identification purposes. The phytochemical screening of raw material, ethanol extract, and water fraction shows positive results for flavonoid, tannin, polyphenol, quinone, monoterpenoid-sesquiterpenoid, and steroid-triterpenoid groups. The chloroform fractions were monitored by the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) method with the addition of KOH 5%. The results showed a blue spot under UV light at 365 nm after the addition of KOH 5%. The fraction was purified by a preparative thin-layer chromatography method (TLC-P), while the isolates' purity was tested by the two-dimensional TLC method and TLC with three different phases of mobile phases. The results of the analysis with the spectrophotometer UV-Visible showed the wavelength of 278.8 nm and 213.2 nm. In addition, the functional group analysis using the I.R. spectrometer showed O.H. stretch at wave numbers 3419.79 cm-1, aromatic C-H at wave number 2922.16 cm-1, C = O at the wave number 1672.28 cm-1, strain C = C aromatic at the wave number 1585.49 cm-1. Based on TLC and spectrophotometric data, the isolates were coumarin compounds.

Abstrak: Nampu (Homalomena rosrata Griff.) secara tradisional digunakan untuk meningkatkan aktivitas seksual pria. Namun, kurangnya informasi ilmiah tentang kandungan fitokimia tanaman Nampu, perlu penelitian lebih lanjut tentang senyawa metabolit sekunder untuk tujuan isolasi dan identifikasi. Penapisan fitokimia bahan baku, ekstrak etanol dan fraksi air menunjukkan hasil positif untuk golongan flavonoid, tanin, polifenol, kuinon, monoterpenoid-seskuiterpenoid, dan steroid-triterpenoid. Fraksi kloroform dipantau dengan metode kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT) dengan penambahan KOH 5%. Hasilnya menunjukkan bercak berwarna biru di bawah lampu U.V. 365 nm. Fraksi dimurnikan dengan metode kromatografi lapis tipis preparatif (KLT-P), sedangkan kemurnian isolat diuji dengan metode KLT dua dimensi dan KLT dengan tiga fase gerak yang berbeda. Hasil analisis dengan spektrofotometer UV-Visible menunjukkan panjang gelombang 278,8 nm dan 213,2 nm. Selain itu, analisis gugus fungsi menggunakan spektrometer infra merah menunjukkan adanya gugus OH, regangan pada bilangan gelombang 3419,79 cm-1, C-H aromatik pada bilangan gelombang 2922,16 cm-1, C = O pada bilangan gelombang 1672,28 cm-1, regangan C = C aromatik pada bilangan gelombang 1585,49 cm-1. Berdasarkan data KLT dan spektrofotometri, diduga isolat merupakan golongan senyawa kumarin.

Nampu (Homalomena rosrata Griff.) secara tradisional digunakan untuk meningkatkan aktivitas seksual pria. Namun, kurangnya informasi ilmiah tentang kandungan fitokimia tanaman Nampu, perlu penelitian lebih lanjut tentang senyawa metabolit sekunder untuk tujuan isolasi dan identifikasi. Penapisan fitokimia bahan baku, ekstrak etanol dan fraksi air menunjukkan hasil positif untuk golongan flavonoid, tanin, polifenol, kuinon, monoterpenoid-seskuiterpenoid, dan steroid-triterpenoid. Fraksi kloroform dipantau dengan metode kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT) dengan penambahan KOH 5%. Hasilnya menunjukkan bercak berwarna biru di bawah lampu U.V. 365 nm. Fraksi dimurnikan dengan metode kromatografi lapis tipis preparatif (KLT-P), sedangkan kemurnian isolat diuji dengan metode KLT dua dimensi dan KLT dengan tiga fase gerak yang berbeda. Hasil analisis dengan spektrofotometer UV-Visible menunjukkan panjang gelombang 278,8 nm dan 213,2 nm. Selain itu, analisis gugus fungsi menggunakan spektrometer infra merah menunjukkan adanya gugus OH, regangan pada bilangan gelombang 3419,79 cm-1, C-H aromatik pada bilangan gelombang 2922,16 cm-1, C = O pada bilangan gelombang 1672,28 cm-1, regangan C = C aromatik pada bilangan gelombang 1585,49 cm-1. Berdasarkan data KLT dan spektrofotometri, diduga isolat merupakan golongan senyawa kumarin.

Keywords


Nampu (Homalomena rosrata Griff.); isolation; thin layer chromatography; spectrophotometer UV-Visible; spectroscopy infrared; coumarin

Full Text:

PDF

References


Al-Majedy, Y.K., Kadhum, A.A.H., Al-Amiery, A.A & Mohamad, A.B. (2017) Coumarins: The Antimicrobial agents. Syst. Rev. Pharm. 8, 62–70.

Anonymous. (2017). 2nd edition of the 2017 Indonesian Herbal

Pharmacopeia. Jakarta: Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia.

Brata, R, “Effect of Ethanol Rhizome Nampu Extract (Homalomena Sagittifolia Jung. Ex Schott) on Sexual Activity and Number of Wistar Rats,” University of Jenderal Achmad Yani, Cimahi, Thesis. 2015.

Dalimartha, S. (2003). Atlas of Indonesian Medicinal Plants Volume 3. Jakarta: ITB.

Dighe, N. S., Pattan, S. R., Dengale, S. S., Musmade, D. S., Shelar, M., Tambe, V., & Hole, M. B. (2010). Synthetic and Pharmacological Profiles of Coumarins: A Review. Scholars Research Library Archives of Applied Science Research, 2, 65-71.

Effendy. (2007). New Perspective of Chemistry Coordination Volume 1. Malang: Banyu Media Publishing.

Erniwati, “Isolation of Kumarin from Leaves of Poisonous Wood (Rhinacantus nasutus),” Chemistry Program of Andalas University Postgraduate Program, Padang, Thesis. 2005.

Faramayuda, F., Riyanti, S., Pratiwi, A., Mariani, T., Elfahmi, E., & Sukrasno, S. (2021a). Isolasi Sinensetin dari Kumis Kucing (Orthosiphon aristatus Blume miq.) Varietas Putih. JPSCR: Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research, 6(2), 111-127.

Faramayuda, F., Mariani, T.S., Elfahmi, & Sukrasno. (2021b). A comparative pharmacognostic study of the two Orthoshipon aristatus (blume) miq. varieties. Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences, 9(2), 228-223.

Fitriani, “Phytochemical Analysis of Rhizome Homalomena Rostrata Griff.),” University of Jenderal Achmad Yani, Cimahi, Thesis. 2015.

Isnawati, A., Mudaar, H., & Kamilatunisah, K. (2012). Isolation and Identification of Coumarin Compounds from Artemisia annua (L) Plants. Health Research and Development Media, 18(3 Sept). doi:10.22435/mpk.v18i3 Sept.1078.

Keri, R.S., Sasidhar, B.S., Nagaraja, B.M., & Santos, M.A. (2015). Recent progress in the drug development of coumarin derivatives as potent antituberculosis agents. Eur. J. Med. Chem., 100, 257–269.

Krüger, S., Winheim, L., & Morlock, G.E. (2018). Planar chromatographic screening and quantification of coumarin in food, confirmed by mass spectrometry. Food Chem., 239, 1182–1191.

Loncar, M., Jakovljević, M., Šubarić, D., Pavlić, M., Buzjak Služek, V., Cindrić, I., & Molnar, M. (2020). Coumarins in Food and Methods of Their Determination. Foods, 9(5), 645. MDPI AG. Retrieved from

Liu, Y.-P., Yan, G., Xie, Y.-T., Lin, T.-C., Zhang, W., Li, J., Wu, Y.-J., Zhou, J.-Y., & Fu, Y.-H. (2020). Bioactive prenylated coumarins as potential anti-inflammatory and anti-HIV agents from Clausena lenis. Bioorganic Chem., 103699.

Mishra, S., Pandey, A., & Manvati, S. (2020). Coumarin: An emerging antiviral agent. Heliyon, 6 (1), 03217.

Mulia, M. (2017). Isolation of coumarins from the skin of the Sundai lime (Citrus nobilis Lour). EXACT: Scientific Periodic in the MIPA Sector, 18, 137–145.

Nandiyanto, A.B., Oktiani, R., & Ragadhita, R. (2019). How to Read and Interpret FTIR Spectroscope of Organic Material. Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology, 4(1), 97-118.

Olalekan J., & Ayodeji E. (2013). Nutritional and phytochemical compositions of fireweed (Crassocephalum crepidioides). Journal of Agricultural Technology, 9 (2), 439-449.

Önder, A. (2020). Anticancer activity of natural coumarins for biological targets. Stud. Nat. Prod. Chem., 85–109.

Pérez-Cruz, K., Moncada-Basualto, M., Morales-Valenzuela, J., Barriga-González, G., Navarrete-Encina, P., Núñez-Vergara, L., Squella, J., Olea-Azar, C and Barriga, G. (2018). Synthesis and antioxidant study of new polyphenolichybrid-coumarins. Arab.J.Chem. 11, 525–537.

Ramírez, C., Martínez-Quiñones, J., Gil, J., & Durango, D. (2019). Coumarins from the peel of citrus grown in Colombia: Composition, elicitation and antifungal activity. Heliyon, 5, e01937.

Rashamuse, T. J. (2008). Studies Towards The Synthesis of Novel, Coumarin-based HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors, Department of chemistry Rhodes University, Grahamstown.

Robledo-O’Ryan, N., Matos, M.J., Vazquez-Rodriguez, S., Santana, L., Uriarte, E., Moncada-Basualto, M.M., Mura, F., Lapier, M., Maya, J.D & Olea-Azar, C (2017). Synthesis, antioxidant and antichagasic properties of a selected series of hydroxy-3-arylcoumarins. Bioorganic Med. Chem. Lett, 25, 621–632.

Sin Yeng, W., & Boyce, P. (2014). Studies on Homalomeneae (Araceae) of Borneo XVII: Two new species of granite-restricted Homalomena from NW Sarawak. Webbia, 69.

Sin Yeng, W., & Boyce, P. (2020). Studies on the Homalomeneae (Araceae) of Borneo XXVI—A new and highly ornamental species of Homalomena [Punctulata Clade] from Triassic-Jurassic karst formations in SW Sarawak. Phytotaxa, 455, 214–220.

Sin Yeng, W., Boyce, P., & Ahmad, F. (2011). Studies on Homalomeneae (Araceae) of Borneo III: The helophytic Homalomena of Sunda. Gardens’ Bulletin Singapore, 62, 313–325.

Sin Yeng, W., Jean, T., NG, K. K., Othman, A., Boon, L., Ahmad, F., & Boyce, P. (2013). Phylogeny of Asian Homalomena (Araceae) Based on the ITS Region Combined with Morphological and Chemical Data. Systematic Botany, 38, 589–599.

Umashankar, T., Govindappa, M., Ramachandra, Y.L., Padmalatha, S., & Channabasava, R (2015). Isolation and Characterization of Coumarin Isolated from Endophyte, Alternaria Species -1 of Crotalaria Pallida and Its Apoptotic Action on HeLa Cancer Cell Line. Metabolomics, 19, 1-8.

Wong, Sin Yeng & Boyce, P.C. (2017). Studies on Homalomeneae (Araceae) of Borneo XX: Homalomena lambirensis sp. nov. from Sarawak with well-recorded pollination biology. Nordic Journal of Botany, 35(5), 557-562. ISSN 0107-055X




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/ekw.v8i1.9511

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2022 Fahrauk Faramayuda, Luthfi Fauziah, Ari Sri Windyaswari, Julia Ratnawati

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

P-ISSN : 2460-8912
E-ISSN : 2460-8920

ELKAWNIE

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Elkawnie: Journal of Islamic Science and Technology in 2022. Published by Faculty of Science and Technology in cooperation with Center for Research and Community Service (LP2M), UIN Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia.

View full page view stats report click here

Flag Counter