Women’s speech, a call for economic empowerment: An appraisal analysis

Aprilian Ria Adisti; Muhammad Hasbi

doi:10.22373/equality.v8i2.13562

Women’s speech, a call for economic empowerment: An appraisal analysis

Aprilian Ria Adisti, Muhammad Hasbi

Abstract

The phenomenon of women participation in entrepreneurship sector is rising significantly during the last decade. In reality, women still face many barriers in entrepreneurship both professionally and personally. In 29 August 2019, Najwa Shihab delivered an inspiring keynote speech in Global Conference on Women and Entrepreneurship held by Alibaba and Lazada in Jakarta. Since Najwa Shihab's speech got many responses from the audiences, it is highly considerable to investigate the content of the speech from a linguistic point of view. This study aimed at analyzing the spoken text from Najwa Shihab’s speech through Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA). For specific investigation, Appraisal framework was used in this study. The study focused on the attitude which relates to the feelings, emotion, reactions, and judgments of behaviour on Najwa Shihab’s speech about women and entrepreneurship. The design of the study was descriptive qualitative. The findings showed that the speech used 55 clauses which consisted of 27 clauses of affect (49%), 18 clauses of judgment (33%), and 10 clauses of appreciation (18%). All clause-complexes had attitudes. The use of affect dominated the percentage of attitudes. Furthermore, this speech also encouraged women to do 3 things: dare to change the paradigm of clichés and stereotypes into strength, dare to take a role in the national and global economy to ensure that women's voices and perspectives are present in every discussion and decision making, and support each other and bring the community that can empower other women.

Keywords

women’s speech, empowerment, appraisal analysis

Full Text:

PDF ENGLISH

References

Alhabib, A. A. (2020). Appraisal devices realizing attitudes in Barack Obama’s first inaugural speech. International Journal of Linguistics. https://doi.org/10.5296/ijl.v12i5.17618

Aspers, P., & Corte, U. (2019). What is qualitative in qualitative research. Qualitative Sociology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11133-019-9413-7

Carter, C. S. (2014). Oxytocin pathways and the evolution of human behavior. In Annual Review of Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-010213-115110

Cho, Y., Li, J., & Chaudhuri, S. (2020). Women entrepreneurs in Asia: Eight country studies. In Advances in Developing Human Resources. https://doi.org/10.1177/1523422320907042

Collector, D., & Module, F. G. (2011). Qualitative research methods overview. Qualitative Research Methods A Data Collectors Field Guide. https://doi.org/10.2307/3172595

Collingridge, D. S., & Gantt, E. E. (2019). The quality of qualitative research*. American Journal of Medical Quality. https://doi.org/10.1177/1062860619873187

Drasovean, A., & Tagg, C. (2015). Evaluative language and its solidarity-building role on TED.com: An appraisal and corpus analysis. Language@Internet.

Elkatawneh, H. H. (2016). The five qualitative approaches: Problem, purpose, and questions/The role of theory in the five qualitative approaches/Comparative case study. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2761327

Fischhoff, B., & Broomell, S. B. (2020). Judgment and decision making. In Annual Review of Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-010419-050747

Gorman, E. H., & Kmec, J. A. (2007). We (have to) try harder: Gender and required work effort in Britain and the United States. Gender and Society, 21(6), 828–856. https://doi.org/10.1177/0891243207309900

Grote, U. (2014). Can we improve global food security? A socio-economic and political perspective. Food Security. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-013-0321-5

Gunawan, R. H., Muhaimi, L., & Amrullah, A. (2019). Rhetorical metaphor in Barrack Obama speech family. International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding. https://doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v6i2.810

Gupta, V. K., Turban, D. B., Wasti, S. A., & Sikdar, A. (2005). Entrepreneurship and stereotypes: Are entrepreneurs from mars or from venus? Academy of Management 2005 Annual Meeting: A New Vision of Management in the 21st Century, AOM 2005. https://doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2005.18778633

Hadidi, Y., & Mohammadbagheri-Parvin, L. (2015). Systemic functional linguistics as interpersonal semantics: Appraisal and attitude in the stylistic analysis of an English novel. International Journal of Linguistics. https://doi.org/10.5296/ijl.v7i1.7199

Hammer, S. (2010). The role of narrative in political campaigning: An analysis of speeches by Barack Obama. National Identities. https://doi.org/10.1080/14608944.2010.503439

Hayhoe, G. F., Brewer, P. E., Hayhoe, G. F., & Brewer, P. E. (2020). Analyzing quantitative data. In A Research Primer for Technical Communication. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003080688-4

Hinrichs, U., Carpendale, S., Knudsen, S., & Thudt, A. (2017). Analyzing qualitative data. Proceedings of the 2017 ACM International Conference on Interactive Surfaces and Spaces, ISS 2017. https://doi.org/10.1145/3132272.3135087

Kelley, D. J., Brush, C. G., Greene, P. G., & Litovsky, Y. (2012). Global entrepreneurship monitor 2012 women’ s report. In Global Entreprneurship Research Association.

Ladge, J., Eddleston, K. A., & Sugiyama, K. (2019). Am I an entrepreneur? How imposter fears hinder women entrepreneurs’ business growth. Business Horizons. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2019.05.001

Lee, A. Y. P., Wang, Y. H., & Yang, F. R. (2019). Feeling exhausted? Let’s play – How play in work relates to experienced burnout and innovation behaviors. Applied Research in Quality of Life. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11482-019-09794-1

Manolova, T. S., Brush, C. G., Edelman, L. F., & Elam, A. (2020). Pivoting to stay the course: How women entrepreneurs take advantage of opportunities created by the COVID-19 pandemic. International Small Business Journal: Researching Entrepreneurship. https://doi.org/10.1177/0266242620949136

Maxwell, J. A., & Reybold, L. E. (2015). Qualitative research. In International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences: Second Edition. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-097086-8.10558-6

Melkianus, D. B., & Nuril, S. Z. (2021). Freeport education diplomacy with AMINEF in promoting gender equality specifically for Papuan women. Gender Equality: International Journal of Child and Gender Studies, 8(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781788117975.00030

Neumeyer, X., Santos, S. C., Caetano, A., & Kalbfleisch, P. (2019). Entrepreneurship ecosystems and women entrepreneurs: a social capital and network approach. Small Business Economics. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-018-9996-5

Pankovsky, B., & Polesskiy, S. (2019). Multi-criteria method for calculating a SPTA package for a mobile communications vehicle. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (Including Subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36614-8_40

Pichler, S. (2012). The social context of performance appraisal and appraisal reactions: A meta-analysis. Human Resource Management. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.21499

Rauth, B. B. (2014). Impact of education and training on performance of women entrepreneurs. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies.

Sarfo, E., & Krampa, E. A. (2013). Language at war: A critical discourse analysis of speeches of Bush and Obama on terrorism. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education.

Techacharoenrungrueang, S. (2019). Positive appraisals manifested through English intensifiers employed in café reviews: A corpus-based study. Journal of Pan-Pacific Association of Applied Linguistics. https://doi.org/10.25256/paal.23.2.3

Tinshe, S., & Junaidi, J. (2019). Who are Americans? Analysis of Obama and Trumps’s political speeches on immigration. Celtic: A Journal of Culture, English Language Teaching, Literature, & Linguistics. https://doi.org/10.22219/celticumm.vol6.no2.73-87

Wang, D. (2015). A critical appraisal of the clinical utility of proton therapy in oncology. In Medical Devices: Evidence and Research. https://doi.org/10.2147/MDER.S65594

Wei, Y., Wherrity, M., & Zhang, Y. (2015). An analysis of current research on the appraisal theory. Linguistics and Literature Studies. https://doi.org/10.13189/lls.2015.030506

Wijayanto, P. W. (2016). Appraisal system on the Jakarta Post opinion “A human rights memorial: Jokowi and the Sorcerer’s stone.” Vision: Journal for Language and Foreign Language Learning. https://doi.org/10.21580/vjv5i1865

Yenilmez, M. I. (2018). An inquiry into improving women participation in entrepreneurship in Turkey. International Journal of Entrepreneurship.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/equality.v8i2.13562