The Settlement of Minor Offense by Panglima Laot based on Islamic Law in Mesjid Raya District, Aceh Besar [Penyelesaian Tindak Pidana Ringan oleh Panglima Laot Ditinjau Menurut Hukum Islam: Studi Kasus di Kecamatan Mesjid Raya Kabupaten Aceh Besar]
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22373/legitimasi.v10i2.11346Keywords:
Settlement, Minor Crime, Panglima Laot, Islamic LawAbstract
Abstract: Panglima laot is a traditional institution that has the authority to settle cases of minor crimes according to Aceh Qanun Number 10 of 2008. There are three types of cases that can be resolved by Panglima laot, namely disputes, adat laot cases, and violation cases. There are three problem formulations in this study, first: what are the types of minor crimes that occurred in Mesjid Raya District, Aceh Besar District, second, how is the settlement of minor crimes by Panglima Laot in Mesjid Raya District, Aceh Besar District, and third how is the review Islamic law against the settlement of minor crimes by Panglima Laot. This research is field research that uses a descriptive analysis method with a qualitative approach, namely by looking at the role of Panglima Laot in resolving disputes that occur at sea, which is then explained systematically about the data obtained in the study based on a review from the formulation of the problem. The results of this study are that there are three types of minor crimes that occurred in Mesjid Raya District, Aceh Besar Regency, namely: beating cases, peupok jaloe cases, and the case of a Padang cement ship hitting a fishing boat. Furthermore, the role played by the Panglima laot in resolving disputes at laot by peaceful means and deliberation, and if there are parties who do not agree to be resolved by adat laot, it will be delegated to the police. In Islamic law, the punishment imposed on people who commit minor crimes of beating is qishash diyat. Qishash as the main punishment and diyat as a substitute punishment, namely one hundred camels, and the punishment has been determined by syara'.
Abstrak: Panglima Laot merupakan sebuah lembaga adat yang mempunyai kewenangan menyelesaikan kasus tindak pidana ringan menurut Qanun Aceh Nomor 10 Tahun 2008. Ada tiga jenis perkara yang dapat diselesaikan oleh Panglima Laot yaitu perkara perselisihan, perkara adat laut dan perkara pelanggaran. Ada tiga rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini, pertama: apa saja jenis-jenis tindak pidana ringan yang terjadi di Kecamatan Mesjid Raya Kabupaten Aceh besar, kedua, bagaimana penyelesaian tindak pidana ringan oleh Panglima Laot di Kecamatan Mesjid Raya Kabupaten Aceh Besar, dan ketiga bagaimana tinjauan Hukum Islam terhadap penyelesaian tindak pidana ringan oleh Panglima Laot. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan (field research) yang menggunakan metode deskriptif analisis dengan pendekatan kualitatif, yaitu dengan cara melihat peran Pangima Laot dalam menyelesaikan bentuk perselisihan yang terjadi di laut, yang kemudian dijelaskan secara sistematis mengenai data-data yang diperoleh dalam penelitian berdasarkan tinjauan dari rumusan masalah. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini adalah ada tiga jenis tindak pidana ringan yang terjadi di Kecamatan Mesjid Raya Kabupaten Aceh Besar yaitu: kasus pemukulan, kasus peupok jaloe dan kasus kapal semen padang menabrak perahu nelayan. Selanjutnya peran yang dilakukan oleh Panglima Laot dalam menyelesaikan perselisihan di laut dengan cara damai dan musyawarah, dan apabila ada pihak yang tidak setuju di selesaikan secara adat laut, maka akan dilimpahkan kepada kepolisian. Dalam hukum Islam hukuman yang dijatuhkan terhadap orang yang melakukan tindak pidana ringan pemukulan adalah qishash diyat. Qishash sebagai hukuman pokok dan diyat sebagai hukuman pengganti yaitu seratus ekor unta dan hukuman nya sudah di tentukan oleh syara’.
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