Sistem Pewarisan Masyarakat Adat di Lingkungan Etnik Gayo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22373/jms.v22i1.3666Keywords:
Sistim Kewarisan, Masyarakat Adat, Etnik GayoAbstract
Abstrak: Artikel ini bertujuan mengemukakan sistim kewarisan apa yang lebih dominan diterapkan oleh etnik Gayo? Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analitis yaitu dengan jalan mendiskripsikan sejumlah variabel yang berkaitan dengan masalah dan unit yang diteliti dengan menggunakan pendekatan sosio-antropologis, yaitu pendekatan terhadap suatu masalah dengan cara melihat kenyataan-kenyataan yang terjadi dalam masyarakat. Dalam hal ini jenis sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling dan sampel probabilitas secara random. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kecenderungan masyarakat Gayo dalam penyelesaian warisan lebih memilih melalui hukum waris adat. Dengan kata lain persepsi masyarakat Gayo terhadap sistim hukum waris adat Gayo begitu diperioritaskan. Dari jawaban responden yang lebih melaksanakan hukum waris secara adat mencapai proporsi 63.30% dari keseluruhan sampel. Selain itu masih mengakarnya adat yang menjadi pengamalan hidup pada masyarakat Gayo. Dari jawaban responden sekitar 40.82% menyatakan hukum adat sudah berakar secara turun temurun, kemudian 30.42% menjawab untuk menghormati dan melestarikan hukum adat dan 15% menjawab takut mendapat kutukan dari sanksi adat bila hukum adat tidak dilaksanakan.
Abstract: This research study aims to show which inheritance system is more dominantly applied by the Gayo ethnic group? This research is analytical descriptive, namely by describing several variables related to the problem and the unit under study using the socio-anthropological approach, which is the approach to a problem by looking at the facts that occur in society. In this case, the type of sample used is purposive sampling and random probability samples. The conclusion from this study shows that the tendency of the Gayo people to settle their inheritance prefers it through customary inheritance law. In other words, the perception of the Gayo community on the customary inheritance system of Gayo is prioritized. From the answers of respondents who carry out customary inheritance law, it reaches 63.30% proportion of the whole sample. Also, it is still rooted in adat which is a living practice for the Gayo people. From the respondents' answers, around 40.82% stated that customary law had been rooted for generations, then 30.42% responded to respecting and preserving customary law and 15% said they were afraid of being banned by adat sanctions if customary law was not implemented.
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