Bahasa Hukum Qanun Jinayat Aceh: Teks Lama untuk Konteks Baru

Ali Abubakar; Mohd Din

doi:10.22373/legitimasi.v11i1.13450

Bahasa Hukum Qanun Jinayat Aceh: Teks Lama untuk Konteks Baru

Ali Abubakar, Mohd Din

Abstract

Abstract: This paper begins with the problem of differences in public perception and law enforcement in enforcing the Qanun Jinayat. The main question to be answered is how to understand the legal language of the Qanun in the concept of the relationship between the text and the legal context? Several legal terms and concepts in the Qanun were selected for analysis. The results of the study indicate that the terms and concepts in the Qanun which are different from the language of the law in Indonesia show the characteristics of the law itself. The choice of the legal language of the Qanun reinforces that the law must change according to changing contexts; namely modern Acehnese society. However, the text of the Qanun itself, due to changes in context, cannot be separated from the possibility of changes/adjustments.

Abstrak: Tulisan ini berawal dari permasalahan perbedaan persepsi masyarakat dan aparatur penegakan hukum dalam penegakan Qanun Jinayat. Pertanyaan utama yang ingin dijawab adalah bagaimana memahami bahasa hukum Qanun dalam konsep hubungan antara teks dan konteks hukum? Beberapa istilah hukum dan konsep dalam Qanun dipilih sebagai bahan analisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa istilah-istilah dan konsep-konsep dalam Qanun yang berbeda dengan bahasa perundang-undangan di Indonesia menunjukkan ciri dari hukum itu sendiri. Pilihan bahasa hukum Qanun menguatkan bahwa hukum harus berubah sesuai dengan perubahan konteks; yaitu masyarakat Aceh modern. Namun demikian, teks Qanun itu sendiri, karena perubahan konteks tidak terlepas dari kemungkinan perubahan/penyesuaian.

Keywords

Qanun Jinayat; Text; Context; Legal Language

Full Text:

PDF

References

Abubakar, Ali. “THE CHANCE ON ISLAMIC FAMILY LAW STUDY IN INDONESIA.” Petita Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Hukum Dan Syariah 4, no. 1 (2019).

Abubakar, Ali, and Zulkarnain Lubis. Hukum Jinayat Aceh. I. Jakarta: Prenada Media Group, 2019.

Aceh, Dinas Syariat Islam. Hukum Jinayat Dan Hukum Acara Jinayat. I. Banda Aceh: Dinas Syariat Islam Aceh, 2015.

Adiwidjojo, Soeloeman B., and Lilis Hartini. Bahasa Indonesia Hukum. I. Jakarta: Pustaka, 2003.

Admin. “HAK ULAYAT DAN HAK ADAT DI INDONESIA.” Berita BRWA. 2016.

Agustina, Dewi. “RJ Dicambuk 100 Kali Tapi Mantan Pejabat Di Aceh Timur Hanya Dicambuk 15 Kali, Ini Kisah Di Baliknya.” Tribunnews.Com, 2022.

Ahyar, Ahyar. “Aspek Hukum Pelaksanaan Qanun Jinayat Di Provinsi Aceh.” Jurnal Penelitian Hukum De Jure 17, no. 2 (2017): 131. https://doi.org/10.30641/dejure.2017.v17.131-154.

Ali, Jawwad. Al-Mufaṣṣal Fī Tārīkh Al-‘Arab Qabl Al-Islām. II. Baghdad: Jamiah Baghdad, 1993.

Alwazna, Rafat Y. “Translation and Legal Terminology: Techniques for Coping with the Untranslatability of Legal Terms between Arabic and English.” International Journal for the Semiotics of Law, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11196-018-9580-y.

Andrus, Jennifer. “Beyond Texts in Context: Recontextualization and the Co-Production of Texts and Contexts in the Legal Discourse, Excited Utterance Exception to Hearsay.” Discourse and Society, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1177/0957926510392119.

Arntz, Reiner, and Peter Sandrini. “Präzision versus Vagheit,” 2007. https://doi.org/10.1075/tlrp.8.14arn.

Awdah, ʻAbd al-Qādir. Al-Tasyrīʻ Al-Jinā’ī Al-Islāmī (I). I. Beirut: Dār al-Kitāb al-`Arabī, 1994.

Bahri, Syamsul. “INKONSISTENSI HUKUM Penerapan Hukuman Cambuk Terhadap Non-Muslim Di Aceh,” no. April (2018): 866–78.

Buffo, Angelo Pio. “Interpretation and Improvisation: The Judge and the Musician Between Text and Context.” International Journal for the Semiotics of Law, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11196-017-9537-6.

Burdușel, Eva Nicoleta. “A Cultural Approach to Legal Translation: Contemporary Perspectives and Challenges.” Revista Transilvania, 2019.

Carta, Caterina, and Élisa Narminio. “The Human Factor: Accounting for Texts and Contexts in the Analysis of Foreign Policy and International Relations.” International Studies Perspectives, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1093/isp/ekaa016.

chromá, Marta Chroma. “Synonymy and Polysemy in Legal Terminology and Their Applications to Bilingual and Bijural Translation.” Research in Language, 2011. https://doi.org/10.2478/v10015-011-0004-2.

Crowe, Jonathan. “Contextual Interpretation.” In Natural Law and the Nature of Law, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108653237.013.

Din, Mohd, and Al Yasa Abubakar. “The Position of the Qanun Jinayat as a Forum for the Implementation of Sharia in Aceh in the Indonesian Constitution.” Samarah 5, no. 2 (2021): 689–708. https://doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v5i2.10881.

Fadhlullah, Nyak. “Metode Perumusan Qanun Jinayah Aceh : Kajian Terhadap Pasal 33 Tentang Zina.” In Right (Jurnal Agama Dan Hak Azazi Manusia ) 7, no. 1 (2017): 16–40.

Fadlia, Faradilla, and Ismar Ramadani. “The Qanun Jinayat Discriminates Against Women (Victims of Rape) in Aceh, Indonesia.” Journal of Southeast Asian Human Rights 2, no. 2 (2018): 448. https://doi.org/10.19184/jseahr.v2i2.8358.

Fakharurazi, R. “Adultery And Rape In Qanun Jinayat Aceh: Formulation Analysis Of Istinbath Method.” Islam Universalia - International Journal of Islamic Studies and Social Sciences 1, no. 3 (2020): 400–433.

Hadikusuma, Hilman. Bahasa Hukum Indonesia. I. Bandung: Alumni, 1992.

Halim, Abdul. “Non-Muslims in the Qanun Jinayat and the Choice of Law in Sharia Courts in Aceh.” Human Rights Review, no. 0123456789 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12142-021-00645-x.

Hidayatulah, Ridha, A Hamid Sarong, and Dahlan Ali. “EFEKTIVITAS PENERAPAN HUKUMAN TERHADAP PELAKU TINDAK PIDANA MAISIR DALAM QANUN NOMOR 6 TAHUN 2014.” Syiah 1, no. 3 (2017).

Kanter, E.Y, and S.R. Sianturi. Asas-Asas Hukum Pidana Di Indonesia Dan Penerapannya. Jakarta: Storia Grafika, 2002.

Khalidi, Muhadi. “Kesaksian Perempuan Dalam Qanun Aceh Nomor 7 Tahun 2013 Tentang Jarimah Zina.” Dustiriyah 10, no. 1 (2020): 115–30.

Melayu, Hasnul Arifin, Md Zawawi bin Abubakar, and Norruzeyati binti Che Mohd Nasir. “Minorities in the Shari`a Territory: The Position of Non-Muslim in Aceh’s Jinayat Law.” Legitimasi, Jurnal Hukum Pidana Dan Politik Hukum 10, no. 2 (2021).

Miranda, Erick, and Mohd Din. “KAJIAN NORMATIF ATAS PEMBERLAKUAN HUKUMAN CAMBUK DALAM QANUN NOMOR 6 TAHUN 2014 TENTANG HUKUM JINAYAT TERHADAP NON MUSLIM” 2, no. 3 (2018): 606–16.

Moulia, Novan, and Putri Kemala Sari. “Beban Restitusi Pelaku Pemerkosaan Menurut Perspektif Fikih Dan Qanun Jinayat.” Jurnal Ius Civile 5, no. 1 (2021): 1–19.

Muhammad Syah, Ismail. Pencaharian Bersama Suami Isteri. I. Jakarta: Bulan Bintang, 1986.

Natsir, Muhammad, Cakra Arbas, and Meta Suriyani. “Law on Khamr Under Qanun Jinayat in Aceh and Brunei Darussalam: A Comparative Study.” Jurnal Media Hukum 26, no. 1 (2019): 71–82. https://doi.org/10.18196/jmh.20190124.

Nurozi, Ahmad, and Dadan Muttaqien. “The Effectiveness of Crime Prevention with Corporal Punishment in Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam.” Millah: Jurnal Studi Agama 20, no. 2 (2021): 223–44. https://doi.org/10.20885/millah.vol20.iss2.art2.

Piszcz, Anna, and Halina Sierocka. “The Role of Culture in Legal Languages, Legal Interpretation and Legal Translation.” International Journal for the Semiotics of Law, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11196-020-09760-3.

Purbacaraka, Purnawidhi W. “Sekilas Bahasa Hukum.” Jurnal Hukum Dan Pembangunan, 2009, 139–56. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.21143/jhp.vol0.no0.194.

Roux, Wesselle. “Editorial: Special Edition: Legal Interpretation after Endumeni: Clarification, Contestation, Application.” Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal, 2019. https://doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2019/v22i0a7510.

Sari, Indah. “UNSUR-UNSUR DELIK MATERIEL DAN FORMIL DALAM HUKUM PIDANA LINGKUNGAN.” Hukum Dirgantara 10, no. 32 (2019): 64–80.

Sinenko, Vladimir S., Denis N. Latypov, Husen A. Thabisimov, Marina G. Shadzhe, and Marhat U. Yahyaeva. “The Value of Legal Terminology for the Romano-German Legal System Countries.” International Journal of Criminology and Sociology, 2020. https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-4409.2020.09.230.

Suparmin, Sudirman. “Hukuman Cambuk Terhadap Non Muslim Pelaku Jarimah Di Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam (Studi Putusan No.01/JN/2016/MS.TKN).” Analytical Islamica 6, no. 2 (2017): 146–55.

Syarif, Nurrohman. “Transformation and Reformation of Islamic Criminal Law; The Study on Aceh Qanun Jinayat and Its Impact To Woman and Non-Muslim.” Jurnal Dinamika Hukum 19, no. 2 (2019): 423–48.

Taylor, George. “Legal Interpretation: The Window of the Text as Transparent, Opaque or Translucent.” Revista de Estudos Constitucionais, Hermenêutica e Teoria Do Direito, 2011. https://doi.org/10.4013/rechtd.2011.32.06.

Trzaskawka, Paula, and Joanna Kic-Drgas. “Culturally Immersed Legal Terminology on the Example of Forest Regulations in Poland, The United Kingdom, The United States of America and Germany.” International Journal for the Semiotics of Law, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11196-020-09817-3.

Wicaksono, Dian Agung, and Ola Anisa Ayutama. “Pengaturan Hukum Cambuk Sebagai Bentuk Pidana Dalam Qanun Jinayat.” Majalah Hukum Nasional 48, no. 1 (2018): 23–43. https://doi.org/10.33331/mhn.v48i1.111.

Yusuf, Muhammad. “Qanun Hukum Jinayah Dalam Bingkai Teori Pembuatan Hukum.” LEGITIMASI: Jurnal Hukum Pidana Dan Politik Hukum 10, no. 2 (2021): 256. https://doi.org/10.22373/legitimasi.v10i2.11343.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/legitimasi.v11i1.13450