Dikotomi Ulama menurut Perspektif Abu Hamid Al-Ghazali
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22373/substantia.v23i2.9243Keywords:
Ulama, dikotomi, al-GhazaliAbstract
Islamic Scholars (ulama) have important position in Muslim society, they are not only as references but also as determinants in decisions making process, specially related to the benefit of the ummah, as a result, who can be called ulama is not clear, as a result, ulama are defined according to the interests of certain groups. This article examines the dichotomy of scholars in Al-Ghazali's perspective. This article uses data from literature review sources, especially the works written by Al-Ghazali. This article concludes that Al-Ghazali did a sociological reading of the ulama concept according to the social, political, and life context. At the time of Al-Ghazali, the term ulama had become a certain social status, even this term was juxtaposed with certain types of scholarship. With the various titles of ulama according to their expertise, this condition caused a conflict between them. The goal of each group is to claim the most correct according to their opinion. This article discusses the definition of ulama in Alghazali's perspective along with the standards developed by Alghazali to determine the criteria of the ulama in the context of the Islamic community during he lived that stiil suitable to be applied today.
Abstrak: Ulama memiliki posisi yang cukup penting dalam masyarakat, mereka tidak hanya sebagai panutan namunn juga sebagai penentu dalam penggambilan keputusan terkait denggan kemaslahatan umat, akibatnya siapa yang dapat disebut sebagai ulama merupa area yang kadang abu-abu, akibatnya ulama didefinisikan sesuai kepentingan kelompok tertentu. Artikel ini mengkaji tentang dikotomi ulama dalam perspektif Al-Ghazali. Artikel ini mengunakan data dari sumber kajian kepustakaan khususnya karya-karya yangg ditulis oleh Alghazali. Kesimpulan dari artikel ini bahwa Al-Ghazali melakukan pembacaan secara sosiologis atas konsep ulama tersebut sesuai dengan konteks sosial, politik dan kehidupannya. Pada masa Al-Ghazali istilah ulama sudah menjadi status sosial tertentu, bahkan istilah ulama ini disandingkan pada jenis keilmuan tertentu. Dengan berbagai julukan ulama sesuai dengan keahliannya tersebut, memunculkan mereka untuk saling berseteru antara ulama satu dengan lainnya. Tujuannya adalah untuk mengklaim yang paling benar menerut pendapat tertentu. Artikel ini membahas tentang definisi ulama dalam perskpektif Alghazali beserta standar yang dikembang oleh Alghazali untuk mentukan kriteria ulama dalam konteks masyarakat islam saat itu.
References
Ahmad, Entus Riyadhy, ‘Madrasah Nidzamiyah: Pengaruhnya terhadap Perkembangan Pendidikan Islam dan Aktivitas Ortodoks Sunni’, Jurnal Tarbiya, 1 (2015)
Al-Ghazali, Abu Hamid, al- munqidh min al-d}ala
Al-Ghazali, Abu Hamid, Ihya’ Ulun, (Beirut: Dar al-Kotob Ilmiyah, 2013)
Al-Razi, Fakhruddin, Mafatih al-Ghaib, (Damaskus: Dar al-Kotob al-Ilmiyah, 2003)
Al-Wizar, ‘Pemikiran Pendidikan al-Ghazali’, Jurnal Potensia, 14 (2015)
Asari, Hasan, Nukilan Pemikiran Islam Klasik, Gagasan Pendidikan al-Ghazali, (Yogyakarta: Tiara Wacana, 1999)
Ibn al-Jauziy, Minhaj al-Qasidin, (Damaskus: Dar al-Taufiq, 2010)
Mahmdu Bejo dalam Abu Hamid Al-Ghazali, al- munqidh min al-d}ala
Mahrus, Erwin dan Syamsul Kurniawan, Jejak Pemikiran Tokoh Pendidikan Islam, (Malang: Arruz Media, 2011)
Ridla, Muhammad Jawwad, Tiga Aliran Utama Teori Pendidikan Islam, (Yogyakarta: PT. Tiara Wacana, 2002)
Sahide, Ahmad, ‘Konflik Syi’ah-Sunni pasca The Arab Spring’, Kawistara, 3 (2013)
Ta’rifin, Ahmad, ‘Madrasah Nidzamiyah: Simbol Patronase Penguasa Sunni dalam Lembaga Pendidikan’, Forum Tarbiyah, 8 (2010)
Yusuf, Mundzirin, ‘Bani Saljuk dan Kebangkitan Peradaban Daulah Abbasiyah’, Thaqafiyyat, 14 (2013)
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY-NC 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).