Halal Tourism in Lombok: Harmonization of Religious Values and Socio-Cultural Identity

Atmo Prawiro

Abstract


This study examines the potential of halal tourism by investigating the relationship between religion and socio-cultural identity on the Indonesian island of Lombok. This study draws on a survey of the literature, semi-structured interviews that rely on social responses, and an anthropological approach that is strengthened with data and information from reliable sources. The findings reveal that religious teachings, along with local culture, are one of the positive elements influencing the adoption of halal tourism in Lombok. Islamic principles are represented in the form of physical culture, in addition to those adopted by the society and used as a reference in their daily activity. Furthermore, the interaction between these data supports the existence of a symbiotic relationship exhibited in the form of constructive support between religion, culture, and the tourism business on the island of Lombok within the context of halal tourism.

========================================================================================================

ABSTRAK – Pariwisata Halal di Lombok: Harmonisasi Nilai Keagamaan dengan Identitas Sosial-Budaya. Peneltian ini mengkaji otentisitas pariwisata halal melalui studi keterkaitan antara agama dan identitas sosial-budaya di Pulau Lombok Indonesia. Metodologi penelitian ini mengunakan kajian pustaka dan wawancara semi struktur untuk mengumpulkan data teoritis berdasarkan respon sosial dan litearatur pariwisata, serta pendekatan antropologis yang diperkaya dengan data dan informasi dari sumber yang kredibel. Penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa ajaran agama melalui proses yang lama beriringan dengan budaya lokal menjadi salah satu faktor positif penerimaan pariwisata halal di Lombok. Nilai-nilai Islam tidak saja tercermin dari tata-nilai yang dianut masyarakat dan menjadi acuan dalam pola tingkah laku mereka, tetapi juga telah termanifestasikan dalam wujud kebudayaan fisik. Lebih jauh temuan penelitian ini mengukuhkan adanya hubungan simbiosis yang diwujudkan dalam bentuk dukungan konstruktif antara agama, adat dan industri pariwisata dalam bingkai pariwisata halal di Pulau Lombok.


Keywords


harmonization; commodification; cultural identity; halal tourism

Full Text:

DOWNLOAD PDF

References


(UNWTO), W. T. O. (2018). UNWTO Tourism Highlights: 2018 Edition (2nd ed.). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.18111/9789284419876.

Al-Hamarneh, A., & Steiner, C. (2004). Islamic Tourism: Rethinking the Strategies of Tourism Development in the Arab World After September 11, 2001. Comparative Studies of South Asia Africa and the Middle East, 24, 173-182. doi:10.1215/1089201X-24-1-175

Ariadi, L. M. (2017). ISLAM SASAK: Sebuah Manifestasi Fikih-Budaya. Schemata: Jurnal Pasca Sarjana IAIN Mataram, 6(2), 155–166.

Assari, A., Mahesh, T. M., & Assari, E. (2012). Conservation of historic urban core in traditional Islamic culture: case study of Isfahan city. Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 5(1), 1970–1976.

Aziz, A. A. (2009). Islam Sasak: Pola Keberagamaan Komunitas Islam Lokal di Lombok. Millah: Jurnal Studi Agama, 8(2), 241–253.

Basarudin, B. (2019). Sejarah Perkembangan Islam di Pulau Lombok pada Abad Ke-17. SANGKéP: Jurnal Kajian Sosial Keagamaan, 2(1), 31–44.

Cohen, E. (1993). The study of touristic images of native people: Mitigating the stereotype of a stereotype. Tourism Research: Critiques and Challenges, 36–69.

Cohen, E., & Cohen, S. A. (2012). Current sociological theories and issues in tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 39(4), 2177–2202.

Daniel, E. L. (1992). Muslim travellers: Pilgrimage, migration, and the religious imagination. JSTOR.

Desky, H., Thaver, B., & Rijal, S. (2022). Analysis of Tourist Satisfaction with Halal Tourism in Aceh. Indonesian Journal of Halal Research (IJHAR), 4(1), 1–8.

Dwijayanto, A. (2017). Pribumisasi Islam Nusantara: Antara Nalar Beragama dan Gerakan Sosial Keagamaan di Indonesia. QALAMUNA: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial, Dan Agama, 9(02), 71–92.

Fauzi, W. I., Winarti, M., & Santosa, A. B. (2019). Islamic Tourism: A Form of Harmonization of Religion, Politics, Social, Culture and Economy. 3rd International Seminar on Tourism (ISOT 2018), 355–359.

Filep, S., Law, A., DeLacy, T., Wiranatha, A. S., Hendriyetty, N., & Filep, C. V. (2015). Host community visioning: The case of Bali. Tourism Recreation Research, 40(3), 303–315.

Haryanto, S. (2012). Spektrum teori sosial dari klasik hingga postmodern. Yogyakarta: Ar-Ruzz Media.

Henderson, J. C. (2010a). Islam and tourism: Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore. Tourism in the muslim world. Book series: Bridging tourism theory and practice, 2: 75-89. View At.

Henderson, J. C. (2010b). Sharia-compliant hotels. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 10(3), 246–254.

Henderson, J. C. (2016). Halal food, certification and halal tourism: Insights from Malaysia and Singapore. Tourism Management Perspectives, 19, 160–164.

Ibrahim, A. (2018). Islamic Work Ethics and Economic Development in Islamic Countries: Bridging Between Theory and Reality. Paper presented at the International Conference on Moslem Society, IIUM, Kuala Lumpur.

Indiyati, D., Khusnia, H. N., & Chotijah, S. (2021). Communicating Local Wisdom In Developing Village Regulations On Sustainable Tourism Development. JOSAR (Journal of Students Academic Research), 7(1), 1–8.

Irrubai, M. L. (2017). Reaktualisasi Awik-Awik Dalam Melestarikan Sosial Budaya Masyarakat Desa Landah Kecamatan Praya Timur Kabupaten Lombok Tengah. SOSIO-DIDAKTIKA: Social Science Education Journal, 4(2), 21–29.

Jaelani, A. (2016). Islamic tourism development in Cirebon: The study heritage tourism in Islamic economic perspective. Journal of Economics Bibliography, 3(2).

Jamal, A., & EL-Bassiouny, N. (2018). Islamic tourism: the role of culture and religiosity. Islamic Tourism: Management of Travel Destinations, 10.

Johnson, D. J. (2010). Tourism in Saudi Arabia. In Tourism in the Muslim world. Emerald Group Publishing Limited.

Juwita, W. (n.d.). Nilai-nilai Keislaman Local Identity Etnis Sasak: Selintas Historis Keberagamaan Suku Bangsa Sasak. Disampaikan Pada Seminar Hasil Penelitian.

Kessler, K., & Raj, R. (2018). Religious Tourism in the Sultanate of Oman: The Potential for Mosque Tourism to Thrive. Islamic Tourism: Management of Travel Destinations, 124.

Kuswandi, A. (2020). Strategi Pemerintah Daerah Dalam Pembangunan Pariwisata Di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat. Jurnal Agregasi: Aksi Reformasi Government Dalam Demokrasi, 8(2), 90-113.

Lalu. (2019). Wawancara dengan penduduk lokal di Sembalun Lombok.

Liu, A., & Wu, D. C. (2019). Tourism productivity and economic growth. Annals of Tourism Research, 76, 253–265.

Mawarni, H., Suwandi, S., & Supriyadi, S. (2019). Local Wisdom in Lawas (Poetry) Ponan Party Ceremony Society of Sumbawa Nusa Tenggara Barat. International Journal of English Literature and Social Sciences, 4(2).

McCracken, G. (1986). Culture and consumption: A theoretical account of the structure and movement of the cultural meaning of consumer goods. Journal of Consumer Research, 13(1), 71–84.

Michel Picard. (1990). Cultural Tourism in Bali: Cultural Performances as Tourist Attraction (49th ed.).

Musa, A., Halim, H., Khalidin, B., & Ibrahim, A. (2021). What Determines Muslim-Friendly Tourism in Aceh? Iqtishadia, 14(1), 81-106.

Muslim, S. (2019). Wawancara Ketua MUI Provinsi NTB Prof. Dr. KH. Saeful Muslim dengan Penulis.

Mustafa, M. H. (2018). Intangible heritage and cultural protection in the Middle East. In Routledge Handbook on Tourism in the Middle East and North Africa (pp. 57–70). Routledge.

Mutawali, M., & Zuhdi, M. H. (2019). Genealogi Islam Nusantara Di Lombok Dan Dialektika Akulturasi Budaya: Wajah Sosial Islam Sasak. Istinbath, 18(1).

Nasr, S. M. (1993). The structure of Society in Pre-Islamic Arabia and the Impact of Hijra: a Traditional Archaeology. Golden Roads: Migration, Pilgrimage and Travel in Medieval and Modern Islam, Richmond, 3–10.

Noor, M., Habib, M., & Zuhdi, M. H. (2004). Visi kebangsaan religius: refleksi pemikiran dan perjuangan tuan guru Kyai Haji Muhammad Zainuddin Abdul Madjid, 1904-1997. Logos Wacana.

Oktadiana, H., Pearce, P. L., & Chon, K. (2016). Muslim travellers’ needs: What don’t we know? Tourism Management Perspectives, 20, 124–130.

Peden, C. J., Stephens, T., Martin, G., Kahan, B. C., Thomson, A., Rivett, K., Wells, D., Richardson, G., Kerry, S., Bion, J., Pearse, R. M., Pearse, R., Peden, C., Stephens, T., Bion, J., Martin, G., Thomson, A., Kahan, B., Kerry, S., … Hale, B. (2019). Effectiveness of a national quality improvement programme to improve survival after emergency abdominal surgery (EPOCH): a stepped-wedge cluster-randomised trial. The Lancet, 393(10187), 2213–2221. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32521-2

Pratjichno, B. (2010). Pendidikan Seni Sebagai Alternatif Pendidikan Multikultural. Harmonia: Journal of Arts Research and Education, 10(1).

Ramadanti, A. G. (2017). Kebijakan Travel Warning Australia dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Minat Kunjungan Wisatawan Australia di Bali Periode 2002-2015. Jurnal Analisis Hubungan Internasional, 6(2), 147–157.

Rasyidah, R. (2015). Promoting gastro-tourism to increase indonesia’s foreign tourist arrivals: lesson from Malaysia. Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jawa Timur PAHMI International Conference.

RI, D. U. A. I. dan P. S. D. B. I. K. (2020). Data Masjid/Mushalla. https://simas.kemenag.go.id/page/search/mushalla/18/0/0/0/

Rubio, S. P. (2006). Travel trophies. For an anthropology of souvenirs. PASOS Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural, 4(2), 279–285.

Sofronov, B. (2018). The development of the travel and tourism industry in the world. Annals of Spiru Haret University. Economic Series, 18(4), 123–137.

Suhaemi, L. (2019). Wawancara dengan Tokoh Masyarakat Lalu Suhaemi.

Surya, E. D., Ginting, P., Rini, E. S., & Absah, Y. (2018). The analysis of Halal tourism products and brand image destination on tourists’ repeated visits via trust in West Sumatera Province. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology.

Taufik, M. (2016). Harmoni Islam dan Budaya Lokal. Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Ushuluddin, 12(2), 255–270.

Telfer, E. (2012). Food for thought: Philosophy and food. Routledge.

Vickers, A. (2013). Bali: A paradise created. Tuttle Publishing.

Yousaf, S., & Xiucheng, F. (2018). Halal culinary and tourism marketing strategies on government websites: A preliminary analysis. Tourism Management, 68, 423–443.

Yuliani, M., Mudana, I. W., & Pageh, I. M. (2018). Pura di Antara Seribu Masjid: Studi Kerukunan Antaretnis Bali dan Sasak di Desa Karang Tapen, Cakranegara, Lombok Barat. Widya Winayata: Jurnal Pendidikan Sejarah, 6(3).

Zamani-Farahani, H. (2010). Iran: tourism, heritage and religion. Tourism in the Muslim World Bridging Tourism Theory and Practice, 2, 205e218.

Zamani‐Farahani, H., & Henderson, J. C. (2010). Islamic tourism and managing tourism development in Islamic societies: the cases of Iran and Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Tourism Research, 12(1), 79–89.

Zuhdi, M. H. (2014). Parokialitas Adat Wetu Telu di Bayan [Wajah Akulturasi Agama Lokal di Lombok]. Istinbath: Jurnal Hukum Islam IAIN Mataram, 13(1), 41794.

Zuhdi, M. H. (2017). Peta Dakwah Majelis Ulama Indonesia Nusa Tenggara Barat. Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) Provinsi NTB. https://www.academia.edu/42954654/Peta_Dakwah_Majelis_Ulama_Indonesia_Nusa_Tenggaara_Barat




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/share.v11i2.14905

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c) 2022 Atmo Prawiro

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.