Karakteristik Sifat Manusia dalam Tafsir Fi Zilal Al-Qur’an
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22373/tafse.v1i1.14274Keywords:
Karakteristik Manusia, Sifat Tercela, Sayyid QutubAbstract
As a creature chosen to be the leader of the earth, Allah created humans with the highest perfection. But on the other hand, humans have bad traits such as complaining, impatient and miserly. This paper aims to explain the despicable traits that exist in humans according to the interpretation of Sayyid Qutub, so that Islam can stay away from these traits. An important finding in this study is that according to Sayyid Quṭub, the nature of complaining must be possessed by humans, both happy and difficult. However, this trait will be lost if humans can fulfill the conditions mentioned in the Qur'an, namely always in prayer, paying zakat, justifying the last day, guarding his privates, fulfilling promises and trusts, giving true testimony, and always keeping the prayer. Sayyid Quṭub's interpretation was influenced by the social and political life of his time, namely when the Egyptian people and their government were ignorant of Islamic values, damaged faith and morals, violence was everywhere, the government was unjust to society, adultery was rampant, and even the ulama were considered as parasites to do something that is considered good for him.
Sebagai makhluk yang dipilih untuk menjadi pemimpin di bumi, Allah menciptakan manusia dengan kesempurnaan tertinggi. Akan tetapi di sisi lain, manusia memiliki sifat yang jelek seperti berkeluh kesah, tidak sabar dan kikir. Tulisn ini bertujuan menjelaskan sifat-sfat tercela yang ada pada manusia menurut penafsiran Sayyid Qutub, sehingga Islam dapat menjauh dari sifat-sifat tersebut. Temuan penting dalam kajian ini bahwa menurut Sayyid Quṭub, sifat keluh kesah pasti dimiliki oleh manusia baik senang maupun susah. Namun, sifat tersebut akan hilang jika manusia dapat memenuhi syarat-syarat yang disebutkan dalam Al-Qur’an, yaitu senantiasa dalam salatnya, membayar zakat, membenarkan hari akhir, menjaga kemaluannya, menunaikan janji dan amanah, memberikan kesaksian yang benar, dan selalu menjaga salatnya. Penafsiran Sayyid Quṭub dipengaruhi oleh kehidupan sosial dan politik pada masanya, yaitu pada saat rakyat Mesir dan pemerintahannya abai terhadap nilai-nilai Islam, rusaknya akidah dan moral, kekerasan dimana-mana, pemerintah berlaku zalim terhadap masyarakat, perzinaan merajalela, bahkan ulama dianggap sebagai benalu untuk melakukan sesuatu hal yang dianggap baik baginya
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